Browsing by Author "Habtemariam, Esete(BSc, MPH)"

Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Effect of Employment Status of Mother on the Nutritional Status of Children aged 6-23 months: A Comparative Cross Sectional Study in Burayu Town, Oromia Region, Ethiopia 2019
    (Addis Abeba University, 2019-10) Olika, Mulugeta; Shikur, Bilal (MD, MPH, Assistant Professor); Habtemariam, Esete(BSc, MPH)
    Background: Mothers multiple roles as care-givers of her child & providers of family income may conflict with one another in child nutrition. Working mothers may not have adequate time to care for their offspring’s which will negatively affect child nutritional status. On the other hand, working mothers generate income which could be utilized for better child nutrition. So whether the well-being of children is affected more by the time constraints of women who perform dual role of mother and earner, or by the increased income generated by the mother’s working is a gap & require finding Objective:-To compare the nutritional status (stunting and wasting) of children aged 6-23 months among employed and unemployed mothers in Burayu Town. Methodology: A community based comparative cross-sectional study design was used from January to June 2019 in Burayu town on704 employed and unemployed mother-child pair. Multistage cluster sampling method was used for the selection of clusters and study participants. Data were entered into EPi info and analysis was performed using SPSS version 24.0, and WHO Anthro program was used for conversion of nutritional data of children into Z-scores. The differences in nutritional status of children aged 6-23 months between employed and unemployed mothers were analyised using Bivariate and Multivariate logistic regression at p-value 0.05. Results: The multivariate analysis shows that children of employed mothers were stunted ((AOR:4.38, 95% CI(2.55-7.51) and wasted (AOR:2.38, 95%CI(1.16-4.91)). Children who received dietary diversity less than 4 food groups and meal frequency less than 4 times daily were stunted ((AOR:1.86, 95%CI(1.26-2.76) and (AOR:1.77,95%CI(1.06-2.94)) respectively. Children whose households had allocating lower monthly food expenditure, had using flush to septic tank type toilet facility, and boiling method of water treatment were stunted ((AOR:1.78, 95% CI(1.16-2.74), (AOR: 0.45, 95% CI ((0.250.81)and (AOR: 0.48, 95% CI(0.26-0.86)) respectively. Children of male sex and with parity of birth with one years, who didn’t bottle fed and whose households using strained through cloth method of treatment of water were wasted ((AOR:2.42, 95% CI(1.45-4.02), (AOR: 3.74, 95% CI ((1.23-11.39), (AOR: 0.48, 95% CI(0.28-0.83) and (AOR: 0.22, 95% CI(0.07-0.72)) respectively. Conclusion: Children from employed mother had significantly higher level of length for age Z-Score and weight for Length Z-Score than unemployed mothers. Mothers constraint’s of time and inconvenient working area for feeding practice of children such as adequate dietary diversity (food groups) and meal frequency were the contributory factors for the higher nutritional status. Recommendation: Giving emphasis for working mothers to receive more support in their work place to practice adequate dietary diversity (food groups) and meal frequency is recommended.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Validation of a food frequency questionnaire for food and nutrient intake of adults in Butajira, Southern Ethiopia.
    (Addis Abeba University, 2019-10) Feyesa, Ilili; Dr.Shikur, Bilal (MD, MPH); Dr.Hagos, Seifu(PhD, MPH, MSc,); Habtemariam, Esete(BSc, MPH)
    Background: Food frequency questionnaires (FFQ) is the most commonly used dietary assessment tool in epidemiological studies, due to ease of administration and feasibility. However, the information collected by FFQ is associated with lower accuracy. For accurate interpretation of the food frequency results that arise from epidemiological studies, it needs to be compared with a more accurate dietary assessment method. To date, there is no culture-specific and validated FFQ available in Ethiopia. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the validatiy of a locally developed FFQ for estimating food and nutrient intakes of adults in Butajira, southern Ethiopia. Methodology: We employed a community-based cross-sectional study and included a total of one hundred fifteen adults aged 20-65 years. FFQ was developed using two sources of data; focus group discussion and previous two days 24-Hour diet recall. The relative validity of the FFQ was assessed against the average of two interactive 24-hour dietary recalls. Intakes of macronutrients (energy, protein, carbohydrate, fat), micro-nutrients (calcium, iron, vitamin, vitamin B1, vitamin B2) and food groups were measured by the two methods. The validity of the FFQ was evaluated by comparing estimates of specific nutrients and food groups derived from the FFQ against the 24-hour dietary recalls by calculating the mean or median difference, correlation coefficients, cross-classification, and Bland Altman test. Result: Mean energy and macronutrient intakes obtained from the FFQ were significantly higher than those obtained from the mean of 24-hour dietary recalls. The correlation between energy and macro-nutrients measured by the two methods varies from 0.05 (Total fat) to 0.32 (carbohydrate) and from 0.1(calcium) to 0.49 (vitamin B1) for micronutrients. FFQ did not adequately classify subjects with respect to energy, macro-nutrients and most of the micro-nutrients. A systematic mean difference was observed in vitamin A and iron intake in the bland–Altman agreement test. For the majority of the food groups, median differences in the intake of foods and nutrients between 24-hour dietary recall and FFQ were, overall, small and statist ically insignificant. Correlation coefficients ranged from 0.12 for an egg to 0.78 for legumes. We found that the The FFQ showed a fair classification agreement with the 24-hour recall for intakes of cereals, legumes, and roots and tubers. A systematic mean difference was observed in roots and tubers and beverage intake in the bland–Altman agreement test. Conclusion: The FFQ provided a good validity to assess and rank individuals in terms of intakes of most food groups according to high and low intake categories. Its validity could be acceptable for estimating energy and macro-nutrient intakes at individual basis. However, estimates of minerals and vitamins should be interpreted with caution.