Browsing by Author "Habtemariam, Esete"

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    Does mothers/caregivers‘fasting status affect the dietary diversity of children 6-23 months? A before-after study in Debrebirhan, Ethiopia
    (Addis Abeba University, 2019-10) Zebene, Addisalem; Dr.Shiferaw, Solomon; Habtemariam, Esete
    Background: Ethiopia has various religions, of which the Orthodox Tewahido Christian religion accounts for 44% of the population. According to the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahido tradition close to 200 days are dedicated to religious fasting annually, at which time all followers who are above seven years old are expected to abstain from all types of food, including animal source foods, and water for up to some hours daily. It is possible that such practice by mothers or caregivers could affect children’s food consumption. However, it is not clear if mothers/caregivers’ fasting status influences the diversity of food that children are getting during these periods. Objective: The objective of this study was to estimate the effect of mothers/caregivers’ fasting status on dietary diversity of children 6-23 months in Debrebirhan, Ethiopia, 2019 Methods: A community-based longitudnal study was conducted in Debrebirhan, North Shewa Zone, at randomly selected seven kebeles with a sample size of 218, from January 29 to February 25, 2019 in the pre-fasting period and from March 18 to April 10, 2019, during fasting period on same participants. Data was entered on Epi data version 4.4.2.1 and analyzed using STATA 15 software. Children’s dietary diversity was measured using the WHO standardized questionnaire for infant and young child feeding. McNemar paired test was used for comparison of baseline and end line measurements. Statistical significance was determined at p<0.05. Result: A total of 218 and 216 mothers/caregivers with children 6-23 months participated in the study before and during fasting season with a response rate of 100.0% and 99.0% respectively. The median age of children was 15 months. It was found out that the proportion of children who ate four or more food groups in the pre-fasting period was 23.4% and it significantly decreased to 5.5% in the fasting period (p<0.0001). Conclusion: The study pointed out that mothers/caregivers’ fasting status during the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahido fasting periods could negatively affect the dietary diversity of children 6-23 months in the household apparently by decreasing their consumption of animal source food. Therefore, intervention strategies in promoting children's dietary diversity should be designed in a way that considers Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahido Christian mothers/caregivers’ fasting practices.
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    A Single 24 hour Recall is inaccurate in Assessing Exclusive Breast Feeding among Infants under six months of age, Butajira, Ethiopia.
    (Addis Abeba Universty, 2016-06) Habtemariam, Esete; Shiferaw, Solomon (PhD))
    Background:Indicators are developed to measure the feeding practice of a child. WHO has developed an indicator to asses exclusive breast feeding which is obtained by using single 24 hour recall. Single 24 hour recall only captures the current status. A single day dietary history may be misleading in determining a usual intake of an infant if there is a day to day variation in the feeding pattern, and this might lead to an over estimation and misclassification. Objective:To assess how accurate a single 24 hour dietary recall, multiple 24 hours recall and recall since birth is as compared to 7 repeated 24 hour recall in assessing exclusive breastfeeding among infants less than 6 months, Butajira, Ethiopia. Method:Community based cross sectional study was conducted from March to April 2016. A total of 422infant mother pairsless than 6 months who resides in Butajira were selected by simple random sampling method. Data on duration of EBF was collected by using a single 24 hour recall, multiple 24 hour recall and recall since birth.Mcnemar’s test was done to asses if there was a significant difference in rate of EBF. P-value less than 0.05 was considered to indicate a statistically significant difference in proportion. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were computed by using 7 repeated 24 hour recall as a reference. Result: exclusive breast feeding rate varied across different methods.The highest prevalence 76.7% was obtained by single 24 hour recall. 7 repeated 24 hour recall and recall since birth resulted in EBF rate of 53.2% and 50.2% respectively. Single 24 hour recall overestimates EBF prevalence by 23.54%;by increasing the number of recall we can decrease the degree of overestimation significantly. Taking seven repeated 24 hour recall as a gold standard, single 24 hour recall was observed to have the lowest specificity of 49.7% and positive predictive value of 69.3%. An increase in specificity as high as 94.8% was observed by increasing the number of observation days. Recall since birth was found to have a high specificity 93.8% and positive predictive value 94.2. Conclusion:Single 24 hour recall overestimated EBF prevalence and had the lowest specificity. By increasing observation days we can improve accuracy of estimates of EBF. Recall since birth presented estimates of EBF that is close to reality. The use of recall since birth could be a feasible alternative to assess EBF practice.