Browsing by Author "Habtamu Serbessa"

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    Urban Agriculture and Food Security: The Case of Vegetables Production in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2024-04) Habtamu Serbessa; Teferee Makonnen (PhD); Meskerem Abi (PhD)
    The world, including Ethiopia, is experiencing an unprecedented era of urbanization. By 2050, the global population is projected to reach 9.7 billion, with 70% residing in cities, mainly in low- and middle-income nations. The recent COVID-19 pandemic and the escalating climate crisis urge us to reconsider our food production and distribution methods. In response, urban agriculture has gained prominence as a means to transform the global food system. This shift seeks to improve access to and the availability of nutritious food, create income opportunities, and contribute to community rebuilding as part of resilience efforts. This study aimed to comprehensively investigate the status, challenges, and potential opportunities of urban agriculture and food security in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, with a specific focus on vegetable production. This study investigated several research questions by describing what farmers do (descriptive methods) and analyzing why they do so (analytical methods). To achieve this goal, the study used a variety of tools, such as SWOT analysis (identifying strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats), force field analysis (analyzing driving and restraining forces), and scales to measure food insecurity (Household Food Insecurity Access Scale) and dietary intake (Food Consumption Score). Finally, a statistical method (regression model) was used to pinpoint the factors affecting food security and how much of an impact these factors have on the likelihood of household experiencing food insecurity. The findings showed that most farmers grow vegetables through rivers, not only for easy watering but also to protect the river's health. These vegetable gardens are close to their homes and focus on leafy greens such as kale and lettuce. Most farmers grow vegetables for both their own families and for sale. Interestingly, more than 70% of the people involved in urban farming were fairly new to it, having less than five years of experience. This suggests a large increase in the ability to grow vegetables in cities within this area. Most of them saw this growth as positive because they not only provided households with fresh, healthy food but also lowered their grocery bills and offered income-generating opportunities. These improvements ultimately led to better food security and dietary intake. However, a study revealed a concerning reality within the study area. A significant portion of the population struggles with food insecurity and may not be consuming a balanced diet. While the majorities achieve an acceptable level of food consumption, there is a need to address the challenges faced by those experiencing borderline or poor dietary intake. Safe housing, job opportunities, and stable family structures (such as marriage) were linked to better food security in the study. xiii While a skilled workforce, good conditions, motivated farmers, and government support could boost urban farming, the sector faces challenges. These include limited land, unclear rules, poor soil, trouble obtaining supplies, hot markets, lack of training, and weak support. Transportation issues and a public unaware of the benefits add to the struggles. To address these challenges and improve sector productivity and profitability, this study recommends the need for a socially and economically oriented dualistic urban agriculture framework. This plan would focus on helping farmers use resources better, reach markets more easily, and create a supportive environment. The study also recommends connecting farmers with research and extension services to introduce and use new technologies effectively. This could significantly improve urban agriculture in the region.