Browsing by Author "Girma Lemma"

Now showing 1 - 9 of 9
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Academic performance of Female students in Addis Ababa: The case of kirkos sub city primary schools
    (Addis Ababa University, 2014) Zebenay Lulseged; Girma Lemma
    The primary purpose of this study was to assess the academic performance of female students at Kirkos Sub-city primary schools and investigate factors affecting academic achievement of female students. Besides it tried to examine the relationship of academic performance with the major three independent factors, such as, school environment (facilities, teacher competency, and principal leadership); socio-economic status of parents, parental education and sex related factors. For data gathering, both quantitative and qualitative research methods were employed. The techniques used were questionnaires, focus group discussions, and interviews. A pilot study was conducted to assess the clarity of the items, the reliability and the feasibility of the instrument by using 30 students from primary school, who were from similar standard. The questionnaire was administered for 160 grade eight students at Kirkos Sub-City. The qualitative instrument constituted of document analysis, student records, and interview. SPSS 20.0 and Statistical techniques such as Percentage, frequency, Spearman's rho and t-test analysis were used for data analysis. The core results were that female students’ academic performance particularly at primary level (first Cycle) was better than that of male students. On the other hand, the same students, i.e., male students’ academic performance particularly at the second Cycle was better than that of female students. The research has identified that factors, such as, school environment (facilities, teacher competency, and principal leadership); socio-economic status of parents, parental education and sex related factors affected the academic performance of female students. The problems female students encountered were school environment, gender related factors, parental education, and socio-economic factors. In conclusion, the majority of problems female students encounter and 9 those factors that affect female students’ academic performance are school based factors and home based factors. Based on the findings, recommendations were suggested. In this respect school administration is responsible to facilitate school environment and fulfill learning materials that impede female students from achieving better results. The school administration is also expected to encourage parental involvement and work diligently to increase parental interaction at school, attempt to provide legal protection for sexual harassment that prevails in schools, encourage providing progressive gender focused tutorial programmes,
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Assessment of teaching -Learning - Process in Preschools in West Shewa Zone, Oromia Regional State
    (Addis Ababa University, 2018-06) Abdulhayi Abdulahi; Girma Lemma
    The purpose of this study was to assess the- teaching learning process in West Shewa Zone Preschools. To this end, qualitative research method was used for the study. Fifty six (56) preschool teachers and principals were taken as sample of the study by applying purposive sampling technique. Interview, focus group discussion (FGD) and observation checklist were used to get data from the target population. The result of the study shows that the common method of learning - teaching practiced in the classroom situation was teacher-centered which is inappropriate at the preschool level. The result of the findings indicates lack of professional experts and training in the area, lack of resource and other related facilities stuck them from implementation of appropriate teaching method in preschool. Finally, based on the findings and discussions some helpful implications have been provided. As inferred from the result of the study teachers in selected preschool were not implementing the common teaching learning method which needed in preschool - teaching learning due to different factors such as, overcrowded classes with a single teacher, lack of materials and facilities, lack of classrooms and lack of qualified teachers. Therefore West Shewa Zonal Educational Office, Woreda and other non-governmental organization must pay their attention to the preschool students
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Enhancing School Effectiveness Through Educational Research in Guraghe Zone Secondary Schools: Challenges and Prospects
    (Addis Ababa University, 2009-06) Arega Mamaru; Girma Lemma
    The attempt of the study was to diagnose and illuminate the current practice of GZSS in improving school effectiveness through SBER with the intention of suggesting and amplifying best practices and alleviating the challenges. To this end, both quantitative and qualitative research approaches were used for data collection and analysis. The subjects of the study were 187 teachers 6 principals, and 12, 4 and 2, WEO, GZED officers and GZTA chair and vice chairpersons respectively. Questionnaire was used to collect data from teachers. Interviews were held with principals and educational officers to complement the information obtained through questionnaire. Focus group discussion with 16 teachers from two schools and document analysis were made to validate and triangulate information from different sources. Descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation and percentage), chi- square and total mean score were used to analyze quantitative data. The results of teachers' questionnaire, principals' interview and focus group discussion were found significantly consistent on the issues raised. However, discrepancy was observed between the results of educational officers' interview and the information from teachers' regarding teachers' readiness (perception and research competence) towards the role of SBER. Teachers' readiness towards SBER was found to be encouraging though 41.7% of them were engaged in SBER. Majority of the research works (47. 1%) focused on fragmented and specific classroom skills rather than unified school wide academic issues. The practice of identifying the cause of educational problems and seeking solutions with SBER was found at infancy stage in GZSS. The involvement and support of the principal and educational officers in promoting SBER in GZSS was found minimal and superficial. The major factors that impede teachers from involving in SBER were: unsupportive culture, luck of financial support, work overload and the lack of facilities of the school. Hence, it was recommended that the school principals and educational officers at various levels should create supportive research culture to overcome the challenges; short term practical refresher courses should be designed at WEO/ZED levels to capacitate teachers' research competence, principals and the educational officers at WEO/ZED or REB should scale up best research works through structured experience and best research performers should be motivated
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Nurses’ Practices in Addressing Psychosocial Problems of Patients with Physical Illness: A Case in Armed Forces Referral and Teaching Hospital
    (Addis Ababa University, 2014-11) Fikirte Nigussie; Girma Lemma
    . The purpose of the study was to explore nurses’ practice in addressing the psychosocial needs of patients with physical illness in the Armed Forces Referral and Teaching Hospital. The researcher used qualitative research method to identify whether nurses in this hospital address the psychosocial needs of patients while caring for their physical needs. Focused group discussion, in-depth interview and non participant observation were used as tools to collect the data. The finding indicated that patients did not get opportunity to discuss and express their feelings in the process of their care and treatment. It also showed that providing psychosocial support is not considered as one of the responsibilities of nurses in the hospital. The practice of addressing patients’ psychosocial problems along with physical care need is almost nonexistent. The whole round discussions the nurses supposed to have with their patients usually focuses on the physical illness the patients experience rather than psychosocial support which is also crucial in the caring process. The nurses’ workload and lack of knowledge and skill to identify and manage psychosocial problems at an early stage were as well found to be limiting factors that hindered attending to patients’ psychosocial needs. Based on the findings, some recommendations are forwarded.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Peer Group Influence, Alcohol Consumption and Academic Self Esteem of Adolescents in North Shoa Zone; the Case of Ataye Secondary School
    (Addis Ababa University, 2014-06) Tilaye Nega; Girma Lemma
    This study examined the relationship between peer group influence alcohol consumption and academic self esteem of adolescents in Ataye secondary school for this purpose data was taken from 179 grade nine students . In order to achieve this objective correlational research design was employed through quantitative data (self administered structured questionnaires ). The analysis employed SPSS version 20 to calculate Pearson correlation coefficient , independent sample t-test and multiple regression .The Pearson correlation results indicated that peer group influence is significantly negatively correlated with adolescents' alcohol consumption (as peer group influence increases alcohol consumption decreases) but it is not important variable in determining their academic self esteem, and alcohol consumption is significantly negatively correlated with their academic self esteem (as alcohol consumption increases academic self esteem declines) The t-test result also indicated that , there is no gender difference in alcohol consumption and academic self esteem of adolescents .The regression analysis revealed that, the demographic variables of age has no unique contribution to their academic self esteem but alcohol consumption uniquely contributed for the variations in academic self esteem . Generally based on the finding conclusion drawn ,recommendations and suggestions were made for Ataye secondary school administrators ,teachers ,parents and students themselves
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Quality of Early Childhood Care and Education in Addis Ababa: Caregiver Child Interaction, Parental Perception and Social Competence of Children (Input-Process-Output Approach)
    (2014-02) Girma Lemma; Belay Teferra
    The purpose of this research was to describe and explain the contexts that shaped the caring and educational roles of ECCE centers in transiting the preschool child to the wider culture of school life in Addis Ababa with emphasis to the analysis of quality of care giver-child interaction, parental perception of ECCE programs and relationships to outcome variable in the area of social development. The theoretical discourse that shaped the research was fusion of different theories that articulated the importance of care giver child interaction for the holistic development of preschool children in the developmental sciences. A twenty-six item standardized instrument was used to collect quantitative and qualitative data on the quality of caregiver child interaction in preschool care and education centers. The overall mean value computed for the seventy classrooms observed from the Care giver Interaction Scale was found to be 3.29. Forty-three percent of the classrooms observed were below this mean value indicating that care giver child interaction was below the expected level. A significant proportion of the generalized variance in the Care giver Interaction Scale score was accounted for by the interaction of class size and care givers experience. Findings demonstrated that quality of care giver child interaction varied with center type, time of observation, space, physical set up, and access to learning and stimulating materials. A significant proportion of the variance in children’s social competence score was accounted for by the interaction of center type by father’s educational level. Parental perception of the role of preschool centers and quality of relationship with the centers varied across center types, socio economic status of parents and provisions availed in the centers. Implications to improve quality of ECCE programs in the study site are forwarded
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Teachers' Perception on Children's Behavior in the Learning Environment in Burayu Town, Oromia Regional State
    (Addis Ababa University, 2023-08) Oli Kasho; Girma Lemma
    The purpose of this study is to look into how children behave in private preschools in Burayu Town in relation to their learning environment. 182 respondents who were chosen from 43 private preschools provided the data. The quantitative data gathered for the study was analyzed using descriptive statistics, such as percentage, mean, standard deviation, and frequency. The analysis of semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions yielded qualitative data that was categorized using codes and themes.The major study result is that the private preschools in Burayu municipal compounds were not meant to provide preschool education. However, the owners of private preschools try their best to make the classrooms colourful in order to teach youngsters. In school, there are different areas for the children to learn and play. The school climate is safe and welcoming to all students. Every child is participating in the learning-teaching process. Children are encouraged to interact with their classmates. The school provides opportunities for students to demonstrate their cultures. Children's behaviour modifications were detected within 2-3 months after attending the preschool. The family's reaction to their children's behavioural adjustments was favourable. Based on the major findings of the study and conclusions drawn, the following recommendations were made: evaluating the behavioural change of children from family’s feedback is very important and the feedback from the families helps in shaping the children in a positive way; the preschool administration should make the preschool compounds welcoming to all children. Key Terms: Teachers Perception, Children’s behaviour, Learning Environments.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    The Role of Community Care Coalition Program in Child Protection: Practices and Challenges in Abune Zena Markos Children and Adult Supporting Association
    (Addis Ababa University, 2023-01) Addisu Tsegaye; Girma Lemma
    The purpose of this thesis is to explore the Role of Community Care Coalition Program in Child Protection: Practices and Challenges in Abune Zena Markos Children and Adult Supporting Association. In doing so, the researcher has used qualitative research approach mainly secondary sources. Review of books, scientific articles and recently completed in-country works and researches involving document analysis has been made. For primary sources, the researcher has conducted key informant interviews, observation and administered focus group discussions. The research findings of this thesis indicate that the main roles of Community Care Coalitions are Economic strength, education, health and referral services. Furthermore, the practices of Community Care Coalitions are protecting children from economic exploitation, utilizing cash transfer, using animation for child right advocacy, mobilizing community through street theatre, promoting children participation in society, supporting child development and providing emotional and psychological support. Reflecting on the above findings research result suggests that; the identified packages of practices have brought changes to the lives of selected venerable children and families at three different levels as high, medium and low. Capacity building, resource mobilization and data collection as strategy by Community Care Coalitions have guided positive change to happen on the lives of beneficiaries. Structural, financial and accreditation and professional challenges have negatively affected Community Care Coalitions functioning. Focusing on local resource, knowledge, institution, integrating formal and informal actors and using planned program are the key sustainability pillars of Community Care Coalitions.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Work Related Stress and Coping Strategies of Ministry of Defense Central Command Referral Hospital Military Health Workers.
    (Addis Ababa University, 2014-05) Abiy Telila; Girma Lemma
    The purpose of the study was to investigate the level of work related stress and coping strategies of military health workers working in central command referral hospital. It also examined the sources of stress as well as the strategies that most repeatedly used by military health workers. Military hospitals play a crucial role in delivery of healthcare services to patients during emergencies. Despite that, limited studies have attempted to characterize factors affecting quality of work life in military health workers. Quantitative study design was implemented during the study. An attempt was made to use qualitative information to fill the gap in the quantitative information. A total of 56 military health workers were selected using purposive sampling technique. This study used a self-report questionnaires and semi-structured interview to assess the level of stress, possible sources of stress and the coping strategies among military health workers working in central command referral hospital. The instrument was validated and had a reliability coefficient of 0.88. Data collected were subjected to descriptive statistics, Pearson Product Moment Correlation and Regression analysis. About 80% of the respondents perceived a considerable level of stress and the rest perceive high level stress with none of the participant under low level stress. Scores in the Role category of stressors were higher than other categories. Also, respondents were able to cope with stressful situations with ‘Escape avoidance by hopping that miracle will happen’ category. No demographic variations were seen in the level of stress and coping strategies among military health workers. The availability of recreational activities and training on coping strategies with work related stress were recommended as possible solution to reduce the effect of work related stress