Browsing by Author "Girma, Mengistu"

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    Assessment of psychotropic medicines utilization pattern for mental disorders treatment in Hadiya Zone Public Hospitals, Southern Ethiopia: a crosssectional study
    (Addis Abeba University, 2020-08) Girma, Mengistu; Prof. Gedif, Teferi
    Mental disorders are becoming issue of public health priority globally and their prevalence is increasing in recent times. Subsequently, psychotropic medicines are widely used for treatment mental disorders. However, medicines utilization studies have revealed irrational psychotropic medicines use is a serious problem worldwide and there is a dearth of information on psychotropic medicines utilization pattern in developing countries including Ethiopia. This study was conducted to assess psychotropic medicines utilization pattern in Hadiya Zone public hospitals namely Hoomacho and Shone primary hospitals and Wachemo University Nigist Eleni Memorial Teaching Hospital. Hospital based cross sectional study was conducted from June 15 2019 to December 30 2019. Medical charts were reviewed retrospectively using data abstraction format and Patients’ interview and observational assessment were conducted prospectively using questionnaires. Data were entered and analyzed using EPI stata version 3 and SPSS version 20. Out of the 1200 psychiatry patients’ for whom their medical charts were reviewed, majority 655(54.6%) were males; and in age group of 15-29 years 760(63.3%); with mean age 29.5 (SD±15). Regarding diagnosis, majority of psychiatric cases were diagnosed with psychosis 330(27.50%) followed by schizophrenia 188(15.67%). From the total of 1734 prescribed psychotropic medicines, most commonly prescribed medicines were antipsychotics 834(48.1%) followed by antidepressants 446(25.7%%) anticonvulsants or mood stabilizers 288(16.6%). The three most commonly prescribed antipsychotic medicines, chlorpromazine, haloperidol, and thioridazine constituted 71.34% of antipsychotic utilized in Hadiya Zone Public hospitals. Typical antipsychotics were prescribed more often 616(73.86%) than atypical antipsychotics 218(26.14%). Amitriptyline was the most frequently prescribed antidepressant 334(74.9%) followed by Fluoxetine 98(21.8%). Treatment switch was undertaken for 148(12.33%) patients and main reasons were poor control/improvement 46(33.1%), relapse 29(20.9%) and side effect 22(15.8%). Average number of psychotropic medicines per encounter was 1.5. However, the percentage of clients prescribed two or more psychotropic medicines was 36.1% that shows polyphrmacy prescribing practice. The average consultation and dispensing time were 9.1 minutes and 51.87 seconds respectively. Frequency was labeled only on 60(19.5%) dispensed medicines and 113(36.8%) patients had knowledge on doses of their medicines. Conclusion and recommendation: Antipsychotics were most commonly utilized psychotropic medicines followed by antidepressants and anticonvulsants. Chlorpromazine, Amitriptyline and Risperidone showed higher proportion of utilized medicines. More than one-third psychiatric patients were prescribed psychotropic polyphrmacy. Close to a tenth of psychiatric patients had treatment switch. Average consultation and dispensing times was constrained. Most patients’ medications were dispensed without adequate labeling and patients’ knowledge about dispensed medications were limited. Further, prospective continuous study on both prevalence and use pattern need to be undertaken to get more information on psychotropic medicines utilization.
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    Leadership Effectiveness of School Leaders in Implementing School Improvement Program in Government Secondary Schools in East Wollega Zone of Oromia Regional State
    (Addis Ababa University, 2019-06) Girma, Mengistu; Zeleke, Befekadu (Associate Professor)
    The objective of this study was to assess the school leadership effectiveness in implementing school improvement programs in secondary schools of East Wollega Zone .In this study descriptive survey design was used. Among the 12 government secondary schools found in the Five Woredas of the Zone, 8(66.7) were taken as a sample by using multi stage sampling technique. A total of teachers 116 were selected using multistage sampling techniques. Additionally, 8 secondary school internal supervisors, 8 school principals and 8 vice principals were selected by availability sampling techniques. Finally, 8 PTA representatives were included by using purposive sampling techniques. The instruments of data collection were questionnaires, semi structured interview, observation and document analysis. The data were analyzed using mean and standard deviation. The data gathered through open–ended questions, interviews, observation and document analysis were analyzed qualitatively through narration for the purpose of triangulation. The findings of the study unveiled low performance of secondary school leaders in implementing school improvement program domains such as, school leadership and community participation. The findings further indicated low performance in the preparation stage of SIP. As the finding of the study revealed the domains, secondary school leaders of East wollega Zone did at an average level were ‘teaching and learning’ and ‘safe and healthy school environment’. Thus, secondary school leaders were not adequately prepared themselves and other responsible stakeholders with important financial and material resources before implementation of SIP and these problems in turn affected the implementation of SIP in the secondary schools of the zone. In general, as the findings of the study revealed secondary school leaders of East Wollega zone were not effective in implementing some domains of school improvement program. Therefore, it is recommended that Woreda education Offices in collaboration with Zone Education Offices and Regional Education Bureau should give sustainable technical assistance including training for school leaders. Woreda education offices in collaboration with school leaders need to enhance community participation. Finally, the REB is advised to promote and sustain the upgrading training system of secondary school leaders to capacitate them with adequate technical and administrative skills