Browsing by Author "Girma, Biruk (Assistance professor)"

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    Assesment of Prevalence and Pattern of Medication Prescription for Bronchial Asthma, at Adult Emergency Department of Tikur Anbesa Specialsed Hospital
    (Addis Ababa University, 2015-07) Mulat, Tadele; Girma, Biruk (Assistance professor)
    Background; Bronchial asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways. Asthma imposes a large burden on the individual and on health care systems.(1) Currently, asthma prevalence is approximately 10%-13%globaly.(1) WHO estimates globally,300 million are suffering with bronchial asthma with approximately 25,000 asthma related annual death.(6) in Africa estimated that a prevalence of 11.7% for asthma.(2) Objective; The main objective of this study was assessing the prevalence of bronchial asthma and pattern of medication prescription for bronchial asthma on adult patients visiting adult emergency department of TIKUR ANBESA SPECIALISED HOSPITAL from November 1-2012 to November 1-2014 according to national asthma prevention and education programme (NAEPP) and global initiative for asthma management(GINA). Method; this study was descriptive, crossectional, retrospective study. It was conducted in January to February 2015 in adult emergency department of Tikur Anbessa specialized hospital. The necessary data was collected from record of the patient who visited from November 1-2012 to November 1-2014. RESULT, 78(52.7%) were males giving a male to female ratio of 1.11 to 1. the prevalence of bronchial asthma was 1.04% with severity of 65(43.9%) moderate, 62(41.9%) were mild, and 21(14.2%) severe. 136(91.9%) had wheezing, 131(88.5%) dyspnea, 125(84.5%) cough, Conclusion, There was low prevalence of bronchial asthma in the emergency department with no difference in sex. Wheezing and Cough were the predominant symptoms and signs seen. Treating and managing patients with accordance to GINA is low. Patients who took low dose SABA were 78(52.7%), medium dose 64(43.2%), high dose 5(3.4%), systemic CS 97(65.5%), oxygen 122 (84.4%), adjective therapy 34(23.0%). Recommendation, Health authorities of the country should ensure the availability of nationally appropriate asthma management guidelines.
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    Assessment of Knowledge and Practice of Intensive Care Unit Nurses Towards Open Endotracheal Suctioning for Mechanically Ventilated Patient in Four Selected Government Public Hospitals in Addis Ababa,Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2017-06) Esayas, Abinet; Girma, Biruk (Assistance professor)
    Background Endotracheal suctioning (ETS) is considered one of the most common procedures in intensive care unit to maintain a patent airway in artificially ventilated patients. However, there are many associated risks and complications like trauma, infection, bleeding, hypoxia, dysrhythmias and, in extreme cases, cardiac arrest and death. Knowledge and practice of Intensive care unit nurses towards endotracheal suctioning is directly related to minimize the above complications, improve standard care, to promote effective/safe suctioning and to reduce length of stay in ICU. So, assessing knowledge and practice of ICU nurses towards endotracheal suctioning is baseline to improve well-being of intubated patients. Objective This study was conducted to assess knowledge and practice of Intensive care unit nurses towards open endotracheal suctioning for mechanically ventilated patient in four selected public hospitals Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2017. Methods: Institutional based cross sectional descriptive study was conducted. Data was collected using structured questionnaire and observational check list. Descriptive statistics included frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation. Odds ratio was used to determine association between variables. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 20. Result: A total of 100 participants were involved in the study with 59% female. The mean age of the participants’ was between 26-30 years and the mean scores of knowledge and practice nurses were 11.14 and 16.11 respectively. Nearly half (51.0%) of nurses had poor knowledge and 41.0% of them had fair knowledge on endotracheal suctioning. and 80.0% had poor practice regarding ETS. Sex had statistically significant association with knowledge (p=.008, AOR and 95% CI 3.336, 1.364- 8.161).Training on ETS had statistically significant association with practice of nurses (p=.025, AOR & 95% of CI 3.372, 1.162-9.788). Conclusion and Recommendation: More than half 51% of nurses had poor knowledge and almost all 80% of nurse’s practice towards ETS was poor. Teaching intervention (especially for females) and training to improve nurse’s knowledge and practice in the care of patients requiring ETS is indicated. Key word: Endotracheal suctioning, knowledge and practice.
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    Assessment of knowledge, Attitude and practice Toward First aid related to Road Traffic Accidents Among Traffic Police in Lideta, Kirkos and Arada Sub City of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2014-06) Cherkos, Adugna; Girma, Biruk (Assistance professor)
    Introduction: - In Ethiopia comprehensive Pre-hospital emergency medical system is practically non-existent. A comprehensive emergency medical system includes not only a health facility based care for emergency cases but also a functional pre-hospital care that gives primary care for injuries at the accident scene and while transferring victims to health facilities. Traffic police personnel are the first respondent to road traffic accidents. The objective: - Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice to ward first aid related to road traffic accidents among traffic police in LIDETA, KIRKOS and ARADA sub city of Addis Ababa Ethiopia. Method: A cross-sectional quantitative study was carry out among traffic police working in LIDETA, KIRKOS and ARADA sub city of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia from February 3-18, 2014, using a convenient sampling technique. 150 police traffic was participated and responded for open- ended and close- ended questions and 120 were analyzed. Result: Participants were 120 (92.3%) male and 10(7.7%) female with an average age of 27 ±7.42 (SD) with a range from 23 to 50 years. One hundred and eleven (85.4%) were trained previously on first aid from different institution. Forty two (32.1%) were identified noisy breathing which is a sign of air way obstruction. Most participants‘ first action during first aid was only transfer to near hospital, furthermore 128(98.5%) believed that it is necessary to give first aid immediately for RTA victims, but some them had not willingness to give first because of fear infection, shortage of materials and didn‘t had full skill. Conclusion and recommendation: In This study identified baseline knowledge, practice and perspective of first aid related to road traffic accident of traffic polices who are working in ARADA, LIDETA and KIRKOS sub city of Addis Ababa Ethiopia, and showed that there was gap on knowledge and practice of first aid for RTA victims, on the other hand respondents gives a positive believe related to application of first aid at scene. Would been providing continuous training and demonstration of moderate level of knowledge, attitude and practices towards first aid related to firs aid further collaboration with governmental and non-governmental institutions
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    Pattern of Head Injury Among Patients Presented to Adult Emergency Department of Jimma University Teaching Hospital, Jimma, South West Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2015-07) Ketema, Indeshaw; Girma, Biruk (Assistance professor)
    Background: Trauma, especially head trauma, is an expanding major public health problem and the leading cause of death of the young and productive part of the world’s population. Globally, head injury is a substantial cause of mortality and morbidity across all age groups, with a disproportionately greater burden borne by low- and middle-income countries (1). Objective: To assess the pattern of head injury among patients presented to adult ED of JUTH, Jimma, South West Ethiopia, from January 01, 2014 to December 30, 2014. Methods: Institutional based retrospective, cross sectional study was conducted at JUTH, Jimma town, South West Ethiopia, from January 01, 2014 to December 30, 2014. All head injury patients who fulfills inclusion criteria and visited JUTH during the period from January 01, 2014 to December 30, 2014 were selected for the study. Data was collected using pretested structured check lists through reviewing of patient chart retrospectively. The collected data was encoded to Microsoft Excel and was analyzed using SPSS Version 20.0. The obtained result was displayed by using frequency tables, graphs and charts. Results: Out of 135 patients, 121 (89.6%) were males and the remaining 14 (10.4%) were females. The mean age was 30.34 years (SD=14.01). Interpersonal violence 73 (54.1%) and road traffic accidents 42 (31.1%) were the most common causes of head injury. More than half of the patients sustained mild head injury which accounts 87 (64.4%) and 20 (14.8%) sustained severe head injury. The initial GCS had a significant correlation with the outcome and of all patients 98 (73%) were managed conservatively. Conclusion: Prevention of road traffic accidents and improvement of conservative care were identified as major methods to reduce the burden of head injury in a set-up similar to Jimma. Key words- head injury, pattern, Jimma University teaching hospital, Southwest Ethiopia.