Browsing by Author "Getachew Belay"

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    Determinants of Cost of Financial Intermediation: Empirical Study on Commercial Banks in Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2015-06) Getachew Belay; Emerie Asmare
    This paper investigates the determinants of cost of financial intermediation (CFI) of Ethiopian commercial banking sector during the period from 2000 to 2013. The study was based on the hypothesis that cost of financial entermediation in Ethiopian banks‟ is determined by bank, industry and macro-economic related factors. Several theories and empirical outcomes were propounded to explain the determinants of cost of financial intermediation proxied by net interest margin. The variables were chosen based on findings from both empirical and theoretical literature. A quantitative research approach and explanatory design were adopted in carrying out this research. Secondary data were collected from selected eight commercial banks out of nineteen banks using purposive sampling technique. Based mainly on the Seminal Ho and Saunders, 1981 dealership model and extensions thereto, the study employed panel data estimation techniques to analyze the influence of bank, industry and macroeconomic factors on CFI. The fixed effect regression technique was used to estimate the model using the econometric package EViews 8. The results obtained indicated that bank intermediation margin are high in Ethiopia and it is generally driven by banks, industry and macro-economic factors. And specifically the estimation results show that operating costs, capital of banks, market concentration, market share, economic growth and inflation have a positive and significant effect on CFI. Credit risk, asset size, liquidity risk, and opportunity cost of reserve have a negative and significant effect on CFI. Profitability is not significant in determining CFI. The study recommends banks to improve operational efficiency, NBE to instill competition with in banks and policy makers to promote favourable economic situation. Further studies were recommended in the areas by considering additional variables and considering newly emerging banks Keywords: Ethiopian Banking Sector, Net Interest Margin (NIM), Cost of Financial Intermediation (CFI)
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    An Investigation of Attenuation and Dispersion in Propagation Mode Characteristics of Optical Fiber Material Leading to Non-linearity
    (Addis Ababa Universty, 2009-06) Getachew Belay; Ghoshal S.K. (PhD)
    Study of non-linearity in optical fiber material has attracted tremendous attention over last two decades. Despite of many experimental and theoretical efforts to find the origin of non-linearity and to quantify the loss due to non-linearity still a debatable issue. The aim of this research work is to find a mechanism and to quantify to non-linearity that causes attenuation and dispersion in optical fiber. We specifically calculated solution to non-linear envelope equation (non-linear Schrödinger equation) from Maxwell theory choosing appropriate envelope function. Our calculations are in agreement with other observation as far as loss and non-linearity concerned. We found the soliton solution that is a very interesting result that can be further looked at in detail to observe the non-linear effect in fiber material. It is found that the non-linearity balances dispersion and a stable pulse is formed which does not alter its shape during propagation. This simple calculation is to understand the mechanism of the origin of non-linearity how to further control it by tuning some of the fiber material.