Browsing by Author "Getachew, Ngusie"

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    Isolation, Identification and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test of Staphylococcus Aureus from Bovine Mastitis in Lome Woreda of Oromia Region, Ethiopia
    (2020-06) Getachew, Ngusie; Dr. Gezahegn Mamo
    Staphylococcus aureus is a common causative agent of bovine mastitis in dairy herds worldwide and causes a huge economic loss in dairy industry. A cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2019 to May 2020 with the objectives of isolating and antimicrobial susceptibility test of S.aureus from bovine mastitis in Lume woreda of Oromia region, Ethiopia. Clinical examinations, California mastitis test (CMT) and bacteriological culture methods were used as diagnostic tools to carry out the study. Out of 200 randomly screened cows, mastitis was detected in 104 (52%) cows, 331 (41.4%) quarters, by California Mastitis Test (CMT) while 9 (9.5%) cows and 20 (2.5%) quarters were positive from clinical mastitis cows. From this, 31 (29.8%) cows and 40 (12.1%) quarters were found positive for S.aureus from subclinical cases whereas 5 (26.3%) cows and 8 (40%) quarters were culture positive from clinical mastitis. Eleven (13.8%) quarters which belong to 8 (19.5%) cows were found with blind teats. Furthermore, 34 out of 36 Staphylococcus aureus isolates were subjected to in vitro antimicrobial sensitivity test to nine commercially available antimicrobial agents. The antibiogram result of those isolates revealed a varying degree of susceptibility and resistance. Staphylococcus aureus isolates were resistant to at least one antimicrobial, 49.0% to two or more antimicrobials, and subclinical isolates showed more resistance to all tested antibiotics. S. aureus isolates were highly sensitive to Chloramphenicol (100%) followed by Ciprofloxacin and Sulphametoxazol-trimetoprime (97.1%), Cefotaxime (94.1%) and Cefoxitin (88%) whereas, the highest rate of resistance among the isolates was against penicillin G (91.7%) followed by tetracycline (76.5%). Gentamycin, Erythromycin and Cefotaxime were the antimicrobials that showed intermediate resistance to 20.6%, 14.7% and 2.9% respectively. In the present observation, 26.5% of Staphylococcus aureus isolates showed multiple drug resistant. Thus, the result of this study shows Staphylococcus aureus mastitis is an important concern for dairy farms of Lume Woreda of Oromia Region since this pathogen is becoming more resistant to commercially available antimicrobials and hence warrants for designing potential control measure to reduce the impact on dairy sector and public health risk.