Browsing by Author "G/Yohannes, Afework"

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    Identification of Serotypes and Assessment of' Multiple Drug Resistance In 360 Shigella Isolates
    (Addis Ababa University, 1980-06) G/Yohannes, Afework
    Three hundred and sixty urban and rural Shigellae isolates were analysed in respect to serogrouping, serotyping, biochemotyping and drug resistance. S. flexneri (50.55%) was most common, followed by £. dysenteriae (32.78%), ~. b~£ii (11.39%) and £. sonnei (5.28%). Isolation rates of £. ftysenteriae, £. flexneri and fl. sonnei were eomparablo in rural and urban areas, except for fl. boydii which is more common in urban areas (significant at P=0.05). Out of the thirty-two known Shigella serotypes, twenty-two were identified in this study (i.e. fl. dysenteria~ 1,2, 3, 4, 6, 7; ,2. flexneri I, 2, 3, 4, 6; E.. boydii 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 9, 10, 12, 111; and E.. sonnei). Urban isolates were represented by 22 serotypes compared to only 11 in rural areas. E.. dysenteriae serotypo 1 (Shiga's bacillus) Was more common in rural areas (34.48%) than in urban areas (17.22%), and this difference is· significant (P=O,05). Ninteen patterns of drug resistance were observed, with TSu (21.11%), TCACbSSu (19.72%) and TSSu (12.50%) being comparatively more common. There \'Iere nine patterns of drug resistance in 8erogroup A, 12 patterns in ll, 8 patterns in C, and 5 patterns in D. TCACbSSu pattern (53.39%) in serogroup A, TSu (41.76%) in B, and TSSu (26.31%) in D Vlere observed. lIitnin serogroup A, 81.82% of fl' dysenteriae serotype 1 was associated with the TCACbSSu pattern. There were Ii patterns of resistance in urban areas compared to 10 in rural areas. The prominence of TCACbSSu pattern in rural areas was related to the Iligh isolation rate of fl. dysenteriae type 1 in these places. In rural areas, 14.94% of Shigella isolates were classified as sensitive to all drugs tested, compared to 26.37% in urban areas and this difference is significant (P=0.05). Identification of rare biochemotypes included: a) three strains of mannitol negative ~. flexneri type 6, b) a strain of gas productng ~. boydii type 14, nnd c) a strain of 'invasive' ~. ££1i (0:164) serologically cross reacting in ~. dysenteriae serotype 3· antiserum. Based on the present study, it is recommended that: a) a further study of Shigella be persued, b) a Shigella reference center be established, c) an improvement of sanitation be stressed, d) chemotherapy be discourae;ed and e) a national policy for drug sale be enacted.