Browsing by Author "Fekadu, Daniel"

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    Child Trafficking from the Gurage Zone to Addis Ababa: The Case Gumer Woreda
    (AAU, 2010-07) Fekadu, Daniel; Terefe, Hirut(PhD
    The SNNP is considered to be the most vulnerable region in terms of the hi gh prevalence of trafficked children from the region to different towns of the country. The Gurage Zone is located in the SNNP region which takes the lion's share of the high magnitude of child trafficking. It is a place where trafficking children is considered as a workable traditional shortcut for the survival or success of a family. Nevertheless, very few researches have been conducted on the issue in spite of the fact that some researches pointed out the set back involving the causes and consequences of child trafficking in some parts of the Gurage Zone. The Gumer Woreda is part of the Gurage Zone which is the major focus area of this study. In this district of the Gurage Zone children are highly vulnerable to trafficking which in most cases puts their lives at risk. A comprehensive study of the problem in Gumer Woreda is not yet carried out. This study aims at bridging the perception gap on child trafficking issues involving the Gumer Woreda. To collect the necessary data a small town, Arekit and a PA named Zizencho and Teredo were selected from the Gumer Woreda. On the other hand Addis Ketema and Kolfe Keranyo sub-cities in Addis Ababa were purposely chose to physica lly observe the on go ings concerning tra fficked children in the city. Combined qualitative methods of data gathering have been employed including key informants interview, observation, focus group discussions, case studi es and photography. Various secondary sources have been consulted including fi gures, facts, maps and published and unpublished reports. The study reveals that several factors contribute to the vulnerability of children to traffick ing. These factors are majorly viewed in two categories as push and pull factors. The ones identified as push factors include: poverty, shortage of social services and infrastructure, lack of vocational and economic opportunities, societal and cultural violence on girls, family dysfunctions such as child maltreatment, parental divorce and death. The pull factors are high demand for cheap labor, socio-cultural factors associated with pull factors include: perception of a life better elsewhere and poor information about risks, migratory mentality of children, extended social networks and family ties and 'MeskeI' and' Arefa' holidays. The research has concluded that the push fac tors mostly fuel child trafficking. This study also focuses on presenting facts related to the forms and process of child trafficking, especially in Gumer Woreda. These include recruitment of children, actors in vo lved , transportation, cost and the purposes of trafficking in children, gender issues etc. The research also integrated various fonns of effects posed on children and the local community. Some of the impacts on children identified in this research are psychological, emotional, physical, health and soc ial.
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    The Impact of Existing and Proposed Irrigation scheme on Hydrology of lake Ziway
    (Addis Ababa University, 2016-10) Fekadu, Daniel; Mohammed, Mebruk (PhD)
    Lake Ziway is located in Oromia Regional State near the Town of Ziway some 150 km south of Addis Ababa at the northern end of the southern Rift Valley. The lake covers an area of some 450 km2 at its average surface level of 1,636.12 m and has a maximum depth of 8 m. The two major rivers flowing to the lake are Meki and Katar Rivers and there is Bulbula river as an outflow from the lake. The Lake is important water resource in the study area beside its importance; the level of the lake has changed dramatically over the past decades due to the rapid change of inputs and output components of the lake water balance. To alleviate the existing development constraints, the national government of Ethiopia has designed region based irrigation development polices and strategies, from this development the one which needs more attention is the Ziway-meki pressurized irrigation development project which planned to irrigate a gross area of 15500 hectare (net 14657.2 ha) land. This study is conducted to determine water balance of Ziway lake based on the available water balance components and by considering existing and proposed irrigation scheme of the Ziway-Meki irrigation project by creating different scenario to reflect the different stage of irrigation development and variation in the river flow patterns that flow to and out of the Ziway Lake and the rainfall pattern within the Ziway Lake basin. The water balance was formed on the basis of excel spreadsheet which handles all the inflow (from rivers and runoff alongside the lake shore) and outflow patterns from the lake (irrigation and water supply need and Bulbula river). The water balance was basically seen via the lake water level by applying existing abstraction and proposed irrigation scheme of 14657.2 ha land. From the result of water balance model the lake drops its level from the full level (1638m) by 0.568m from September to august of which 0.33m is by the existing irrigation scheme and 0.238 m drop is due to inflow rivers variation. From model result the existing abstraction and the total irrigation area of 14657.2 ha decreases Bulbula outflow by 20 m3/s of which 17.51 m3/s due to the proposed scheme. Such yearly variation would result in a drastic decrease in Lake water level and Bulbula river flow in upcoming years.