Browsing by Author "Fatuma Hassen"

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    Assessment of Patient Satisfaction and Turnaround time while using Electronic Laboratory Information Management System Along with Associated Factors in Selected Public Hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2025-06-07) Mecca Yesuf; Fatuma Hassen
    Background: It is crucial and well documented to evaluate patient perception of laboratory service and turnaround time in order to provide high quality service. Although laboratory information management system is crucial for enhancing patient care and turnaround time, variables pertaining to LIMS that impact them must be investigated because there is lack of res Objective: To assess Patient satisfaction and Turnaround time while using Electronic laboratory information management system along with associated factors in selected public hospitals in Addis Ab Methods: A Hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted at selected public hospitals by using both quantitative and qualitative data collection methods. The hospitals were selected using a simple random sampling method from a list of 13 public hospitals. Data was collected from 422 patient interviews and TAT recording for hematology and clinical chemistry tests as well as purposive selection of laboratory staffs with a total of 30 participants for structured questionnaire and in-depth interview. The collected data was coded and entered into excel and transferred to SPSS version 25 for further analysis. Both binary and multiple logistic regression analysis was used to see the association between dependent and independent variables. The findings were taken as significant with a p value of ≤ 0.05 at 95% confidence interval and results were presented with text, graph and tables. Aba, Ethiopia. Arch in Ethiopia that focus on this area. Result: The study’s response rate was 100%. 52.8% of respondents were male. The three hospitals’ overall mean scores for patient satisfaction were 3.3. Lab price and the courtesy and respect of staff were main sources of satisfaction; cleanliness of the latrines and seating arrangements, which were a major issue in all hospitals, were the main sources of dissatisfaction. Hematology tests that achieve target TAT was TASH 40.7%, SPMHMC 34.7% and ALERT 23%, also TAT achieved for clinical chemistry was TASH 52.7%, SPMHMC 56.7% and ALERT 39.3%. Turnaround time and patient care are impacted by issues like equipment failure, power outages, system outages, and unstable networks. Conclusion: Patient satisfaction and TAT in laboratory services is mostly dependent on effective laboratory management and infrastructure. Even though LIMS adoption has had a positive impact on operational efficiency; technical issues must be resolved, staff must be well trained, and a steady power and network supply must be ensured.
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    Critical laboratory Test Result Management Practice and Associated Factors at Selected Public Health Facilities of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2025-06-01) Arsemawit Teferedegne; Fatuma Hassen; Abay Sisay
    Background: Critical Result Is a Result That Requires Immediate Medical Attention and Action Because It Indicate a High Risk of Imminent Death or Major Patient Harm. In Ethiopian Public Hospitals Where High Patient Volume, Limited Resources and Varying Infrastructure Exists Managing This Result Makes More Difficult. Besides, There Is Very Limited Research Information in This Regard. Thus, This Study Aimed to Assess the Management Practice of Critical Results and Its Associated Factors at Selected Hospitals. Methods: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study Was Conducted Across Four Public Hospitals Found in Addis Ababa, Using Both Quantitative and Qualitative Aspects, Different Data Collection Tools Are Used Like Staff Questionnaire, Document Review and Key Informant Interview Then Entered in to Microsoft Excel for Accuracy. Analysis Was Performed Using SPSS Version 23. Result: We Assessed Critical Laboratory Result Management Practice Across Four Public Hospitals, Among Laboratory Staff Respondents 96.6% Were Laboratory Technologists with Varying Years of Experience. 95.7% Reported No Training in Critical Result Management. Among The 422 Critical Results 46.6% Were Hematological Tests Followed by Carbohydrate (13.7%), Liver Function (11.8%), Electrolytes (10.19%), Renal Function Test (9.7%), Cardiac Marker 4.2% And Coagulation Tests (3.56%) From The 422 Critical Results Only 34(8.1%) Recognized and Managed as Critical Results, 38.6% Communicated in the Given Time Interval. St. Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College (SPHMMC) Achieved A 93% Rate of Timely Communication, While Yekatit 12 Hospital Managed Only 4%. Communication Of Laboratory Results Was Mainly with Electronic Health Record (EHR) And Most of the Critical Results Were Communicated with Electronic Health Record Like Every Other (Non-Critical) Test (91.9%), Which Makes Only 34(8.1%) Of the Results Communicated as Critical Results, The Communication Methods Used Inconsistently, Methods Were In-Person/Verbal, Phone Call, And Paper-Based Methods Are Used. And Only 17.6% Of the Tests Are Confirmed in Readback. There Was 0% Of Documentation of Critical Results in All Hospitals. Although Standard Operating Procedures (Sops) Existed, Stakeholders Were Not Involved in the Preparation of Standard Operating Procedures. Most Of the Staffs Reported High Workload and Resource Limitation as a Major Factor for Poor Critical Result Management. Physicians Expressed Dissatisfaction with the Current Practice 90%, By Stating the Consequence of Poor Management in Increasing Hospital Stay and Delayed Treatment, Emphasizing the Need for Faster Communication, Standardized Protocols and Improved Documentation for Better Patient Treatment. Conclusion: There Is a Significant Gap in Management of Critical Results, The Findings Indicate the Urgent Need for Standardize Protocol, Enhancing Training, And Improved Communication Systems to Ensure Effective and Prompt Management of Critical Results in Hospital Settings.
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    Epidemiology of Breast Cancer: Risk Factors, Treatment Adherence and Outcome of Breast Cancer Patients Attending Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
    (Addis Ababa University, 2023-09) Fatuma Hassen; Ahmed Ali; Aster Tsegaye; Adamu Addissie
    Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer and the leading cause of cancer deaths among women worldwide. In resource-limited nations, the combination of late presentation, low survival rates, a poor health care system, and a lack of health care financing resource contribute to the population's perception that treatments for breast cancer are ineffective or unavailable, thereby causing more delay in diagnosis and treatment. Adherence has been identified as a primary determinant of patient outcome and clinical benefit. In Ethiopia, breast cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers among women. However, due to constrained health resources and poor awareness among the population, most patients did not visit health facilities for early diagnosis and treatment. As a result, most patients did not benefit from treatment since most Ethiopian women are frequently diagnosed at an advanced stage. Moreover, non-adherence to chemotherapy is not well investigated in patients attending their treatment in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Objective: The objective of the study was to assess the epidemiology of breast cancer among patients treated at the Oncology Department, Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, and Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods: The study applied multiple epidemiologic designs. A case-control study was conducted from May 2018 to June 2019. A total of 230 cases and 230 controls (care givers) participated in order to assess the socio demographic and hematologic profiles and risk factors for breast cancer. The cross-sectional study was conducted among 164 breast cancer patients taking chemotherapy. In addition, secondary data were also collected to assess the outcome of breast cancer patients treated from September 2010 to August 2014 at TASH. Data were collected using face-to-face interviews, chart reviews, and telephone interviews. An independent student t-test was performed to compare the mean hematological parameters. A chi-square test was done to see if there was a significant difference in hematologic parameters between cases and controls. A binary logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine the association between potential risk factors and breast cancer. A multivariable logistic regression model-based analysis was conducted to control the effect of potential confounding factors. Median ages at diagnosis and the interquartile range (IQR) were calculated. Based on life table analysis, one-, three-, five-, and10-year overall survival rates were calculated. Median survival estimates were obtained using the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis method. Survival curves were compared using the log-rank statistic. Cox's proportional hazards model was used for bivariate and multivariable analyses. Results: The mean (+ SD) ages of study patients for the case-control study were 42.8 (+12.1) and 39.3 (+11.1) years for cases and controls (caregivers of cancer patients), respectively. Nearly half, or 100 (43.5%) of patients and 34 (14.8%) of controls, did not have any formal education. Moreover, the majority, 175 (76.1%) of cases and 155 (67.4%) of controls, were married. The mean values of most hematological parameters were significantly lower among cases. Moreover, the mean platelet count was higher among cases. However, there was no significant difference in the total white cell count among cases and controls. On the other hand, nearly half, 89 (46.6%)cases and 96 (41.7%) controls, were blood group O. Blood group AB was the least common, accounting for 19 (9.9%) and 20 (8.7%) of the cases and controls, respectively. However, a statistically significant association was not found between breast cancer and the ABO or Rh blood type. Based on risk factor analysis, the odds of breast cancer were higher among illiterate women (AOR: 2.57; 95% CI: 1.38–4.99) and among those who were unemployed (AOR:3.78; 95% CI:1.46–9.78; P = 0.006) as compared to educated and employed women. However, the odds of breast cancer were 0.19 times lower among pre-obese women (AOR. 0.19(95%CI: 0.19; 95% CI:0.043–0.826) compared to underweight women. Based on factors related to life style, consumption of oil solid at room temperature was associated with breast cancer (AOR: 3.50,95% CI: 2.18–5.62, P<0.001). In addition, women who used animal dung or wood as a source of fuel had higher odds of breast cancer (AOR: 4.91, 95% CI: 2.72–8.86, P<0.001) compared to women who used electricity as a source of fuel. Moreover, women who had previous benign surgery, post-menopausal women, and women with early menarche (<12 years) had significantly higher odds of breast cancer as compared to women who had no previous benign surgery, premenopausal women, and menarche >15 years, respectively. While women who had moderate physical activities had significantly lower odds of breast cancer as compared to women who had no moderate physical activities, In the study that investigates adherence to chemotherapy, among164 breast cancer patients, 137 (83.5%) were adherent to their chemotherapy. Severe illness was one of the main reasons for non-adherence. Distance from the referral center and types of recommended treatment regimens were significantly associated with non-adherence. For survival analysis, our retrospective cohort study included a total of 402 patients, with a median [IQR] ageat diagnosis of patients 43[35–50] years. The median follow-up time was 58.3 months. By the end of follow-up, 233 (58%) of the patients were dead. The five- and ten-year survival rates were50% and 34%, respectively. Based on multivariable cox regression analysis, advanced stage at diagnosis (HR = 3.84; 95% CI 2.00–7.35, P< 0.001) and cancer metastasized tumor 1.79 (95%CI 1.13-2.83, P = 0.012) were significantly associated with a higher risk of death. Conclusion and Recommendations: Based on the findings of the case-control study, illiterate women had higher odds of breast cancer. As compared to controls, the majority of the hematological profiles of patients were significantly lower. The study demonstrated there was no significant association between the ABO/Rh blood group and breast cancer. The result of the risk factors for breast cancer revealed that occupational status, using wood or animal dung as a source of fuel, consumption of solid oil, menopausal status, early menarche, and previous benign breast surgery were linked with breast cancer. While women with a history of moderate physical exercise had lower odds of breast cancer. Regarding level of adherence, good adherence to chemotherapy was observed among 137 (83.5%). The most identified factor for non-adherence was the severity of the illness. The study also indicated a relatively poor survival rate, which was associated with a late-stage diagnosis and metastasizing cancer. Based on the findings, were commend that attention be given to high-risk breast cancer groups and those with designated hematologic abnormalities. Efforts should be exerted for further study with a large sample size in order to establish the purpose of the ABO blood group in the prognosis of breast cancer. There is also a need to design applicable interventions to inform women about lifestyle changes to decrease breast cancer risk in high-risk groups. Since distance, transportation cost, and access to health care are the most important factors that determine adherence to chemotherapy, the extension of cancer screening and treatment centers should be encouraged. Moreover, there is a need for strengthening public awareness and mass screening to enhance early initiation of treatment, reduce advanced stages, and improve the survival of patients.
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    Sexual Violence and the Risk of HIV Infection among VCT Users in South Wollo Zone, ANRS.
    (2009-12) Fatuma Hassen; Ngussie Deyassa
    Introduction: sexual violence is one form of gender based violence which is the most silent epidemic; affect the health and life of women in the world. Because women have much less control over decision making, as a result of low status, and have less access to health and social services they are more vulnerable for violence and the risk of HIV infection. As a result of this gander based violence and HIV infection are the two most important factors which affect the health and wellbeing of women globally. Objective: The objective of this study is to assess the relationship between sexual violence and HIV infection among VCT user women in South Wollo Zone. Methods and Materials: A facility based cross sectional study was conducted using quantitative methods on a sample of 800 people living in seven selected districts of VCT centers of the south Wollo. Result: The quantitative study revealed that the prevalence of life time sexual violence, lifetime partner violence, and last 12 month partner violence was 34.6%. 32.3 And 10.5 %respectively. The prevalence of HIV among VCT users is 21.5%. Violence is significantly associated with the risk of HIV infection (life time sexual violence OR= 1.95, 95% CI =1.33-2.86), last 12 month intimate partner violence (OR= 2.55, 95% CI=1.5- 4.33). Conclusion: The prevalence of sexual violence and the risk of HIV infection is higher among illiterate women. Therefore, women empowerment is an important tool to reduce both sexual violence and HIV/AIDS, which are the major public health problem.