Browsing by Author "Erbeto, Kebebe"

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    Studies on Prevalence, Economic and Public Health Importance of Hydatidosis in Slaughtered Animals at Addis Ababa Abattoir, Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2008-06) Erbeto, Kebebe; Zewde, Girma
    A cross sectional survey was conducted from November 2007 to April 2008 with the objective to determine the prevalence of hydatidosis in food animals slaughtered at Addis Ababa Abattoir, study the effect of risk factors on the prevalence of hydatidosis, evaluate the size, fertility and viability of the cysts, assess the economic losses and the public health significance of the disease. Routine meat inspection procedures was· conducted whereby livers, lungs, hearts, kidneys and spleens were visualized, palpated and incised to detect the presence of the cysts. The sizes of the cysts was determined by measuring the diameter in cm. Fertility was evaluated by observing the presence of protoscoleces under the microscope and viability was determined by staining the protoscoleces with 0.1 % aqueous solution of eosin. Protoscoleces which took up the stain were considered as non viable. The annual economic loss was calculated by multiplying the number of annually condemned organs with the current market value of organs . The public health significance was assessed by employing structured questionnaire. Out of the total of 3430 cattle, sheep, goats and pigs slaughtered and inspected at Addis Ababa Abattoir during the study period, 639 (18.6 %) of them were found to be infected with hydatidosis. Prevalence of254 (21 %),206 (19.9 %),102 (16 %) and 77 (14 %) were recorded in cattle, sheep, goats and pigs, respectively. Prevalence of 132 (20.9 %),85 (22.4 %) and 37 (18.7 %) was registered in cattle of Borana, Arsi and Abyssinian Zebu breeds, respectively. There was no significant variation in cattle of different breeds. Even though higher prevalence was detected in cattle from midland areas 124 (21.3 %) than in cattle originated from lowland areas 130 (20.5 %), there was no significant difference in prevalence in cattle from the two origins. The prevalence in cattle above 6 years old 117 was higher (95.9 %) than in cattle less than 2- 4 years old 11 (2.6 %). Prevalence of 88 (8.5 %),53 (5.1 %) and 65 (6.3 %) was recorded in Black Head - Ogaden, Adal and Abyssinian sheep breeds, respectively. Sheep under less than 1 year 77 (7.4 %) was more infected than sheep above 3 years of age 11 (1.1 %) and the difference in prevalence was significant. The prevalence of hydatidosis in ArsiBale and Keffa goat breeds was 53 (8.3 %) and 49 (7.6 %), respectively. The frequency of infection rate was higher in pigs kept at backyard 55 (10 %) than those managed under intensive husbandry system 22 (4 %). Out of the total 2071 cysts isolated from the different organs of cattle, 1007 (48.6 %) were small, 711 (34.3 %) medium and 353 (17 %) were large. VIIi More cysts were counted in the lungs of cattle, sheep and goats, but more cysts were found in swine's liver than in lung. Out of the total of 396 cysts isolated from organs of cattle, 217 (54.8 %) were fertile, 133 (33.6 %) sterile and 46 (11.6 %) were calcified. Out of the 217 fertile cysts, 185 (85.3 %) were viable and 32 (17.3 %) were none viable. The annual economic loss was estimated to be 10,923,601.00 Ethiopian Birr, which is equivalent to 1,139,061.63 USD. 234 cases of human hydatidosis were surgically treated at the Tikur Anbassa Referral Hospital in Addis Ababa. The economic and public health significance of the disease is discussed and pertinent conclusions are drawn.