Browsing by Author "Endalkachew Mekonnen"

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    Reverse Logistics Practice, Challenges, And Its Role on Sustainable Supply Chain Performance: The Case of Ethiopian Pharmaceutical Supply Service
    (Addis Ababa University, 2023-06) Endalkachew Mekonnen; Shiferaw Mitiku (PhD)
    Reverse logistics play an important role in contributing to waste and resource management. Most of pharmaceutical reverse logistics practices focused on expiry drugs, product with short shelf life, overstocked medicines, and disposal of unused and unwanted pharmaceuticals. Moreover, inappropriate pharmaceutical waste disposal leads to serious personal and environmental health hazards. The primary objective of this study is to assess the reverse logistics practice, challenges, and its role in sustainable supply chain performance: the case of Ethiopian Pharmaceutical Supply Service. The research design was descriptive and explanatory implemented by an organizational-based cross-sectional survey from a 191-sample size in selected EPSS branches. Descriptive statistics used. Moreover, the relationship between reverse logistics practice and sustainable supply chain performance of EPSS computed by using correlation and multiple regression analysis. The finding showed that; EPSS moderately practiced redistribution of pharmaceuticals with a grand mean of 2.89, recall of quality defect pharmaceutical from customers, with a grand mean of 2.67. Whereas, recycling pharmaceutical packaging materials with a grand mean of 1.62, and disposal of unusable pharmaceuticals with a grand mean of 2.52 weakly practiced. Lack of appropriate technology, infrastructure, and lack of definitive rules and regulations on handling returned pharmaceutical products have high influence on implementing reverse logistics practice with a mean of 3.75 and 3.74, and 3.48 respectively. Finally, this study concludes that; Redistribution of pharmaceuticals across branches of EPSS, Recall of quality defect pharmaceuticals from customers, Recycling of pharmaceutical packaging materials and warehouse handling materials, and Disposal of unusable pharmaceuticals have significant and positive effect on the sustainable supply chain performance of EPSS. Generally, this study concludes that reverse logistics implementation in EPSS could contribute to improvement in the economic, environmental, and social performance of EPSS. EPSS should strengthen reverse logistics management system by aspiring to achieve its organizational vision “To be the most responsive and efficient pharmaceuticals supply chain organization in Africa by 2030.” (PSTP II, 2020). Key words: Reverse logistics, sustainability performance, Triple-bottom line sustainably.
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    The Contraceptive Use in Non-Communicable Chronic Medical Illness Among Reproductive Age Women of Having Follow up in TASH, ZMH And SPMMC In Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2024
    (Addis Ababa University, 2024-10-05) Bethel Degefa; Endalkachew Mekonnen
    Background: Chronic diseases, including heart disease, hypertension, diabetes, cancer, and chronic respiratory conditions, are the leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Women, who make up 60% of the global poor, face even greater challenges in surviving these conditions due to the impact of poverty. For women with chronic illnesses, unintended pregnancies carry a high risk of severe maternal and perinatal complications, such as congenital abnormalities, preterm labor, spontaneous abortion, premature birth, and fetal death. Ensuring access to contraceptives, especially modern methods, is crucial to enabling these women to have safe pregnancies and avoid pregnancy-related complications. Objective: - Assessment of contraception use in non-communicable chronic medical illness among reproductive age women of having follow up in TASH, ZMH and SPMMC in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2024. Methods: -An institution based cross-sectional study design was employed with a total of 361 samples. Simple random sampling method was used to select study units. Descriptive statistics were used for determining practice of contraceptive. Presence and degree of association between outcome and independent variables was computed through bivariate logistic regression analysis. Factors that have ≤ 0.05 significance level of the multivariable logistic regression analysis were considered as statistically significance. Result: - The utilization of modern contraceptive among study participants having modern contraceptive was 39% [95% CI 0.34,0.44]. The determinant factor for contraceptive use were age of 20-24 years had 7.9 folds increase its contraceptive use (AOR=7.90,95% CI: 3.08, 20.27) and age of 25-29 years had 26.9 folds increase its contraceptive use (AOR=26.95 ,95% CI: 10.16, 71.47), residency of rural were 79% less likely of contraceptive use (AOR=0.21, 95%CI=0.07, 0.60), , ever counselling about FP were 5.9 times increase its contraceptive use (AOR=5.96, 95% CI: 3.01, 11.78) and, Multiparous and grand multiparous were 7.5 and 7.8 times increase its contraceptive use compared to nulliparous respectively. Conclusion-: The study highlights the relatively lowutilizationofcontraceptives among women with NCDs in Addis Ababa. Education, occupation, counseling, and parity were significant determinants of contraceptive use. Targeted interventions focusing on rural women, those with ix lower education levels, and enhancing counseling services are recommended to improvecontraceptive uptake in this population. Recommendation - Overall government bodies, NGOs, and healthcare providers should collaborate to create targeted interventions that address the specific needs of rural women, women with chronic illnesses, and high-parity women. Expanding access to education, counseling, and contraceptive services will help ensure that all women have the resources and support they need to make informed reproductive health decisions. Key words: contraceptive use, chronic medical illness