Browsing by Author "Edilu Jorga"

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    Hematological and Pathological Study on Chickens Naturally Infected by Coccidiosis in and Around Ambo Town, West Shewa Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia
    (2015-06) Morka Dandecha; Edilu Jorga
    A cross sectional study was conducted from November 2014 to April 2015 with the objective to determine hematological and pathological changes on local, Isa brown and koekoek breeds of chickens naturally infected with coccidosis. The study involved hematological, post mortem, mucosal scraping, gross and histopathological examinations. A total of 113 chickens with clinical signs suggestive of coccidiosis were examined. Five Eimeria species namely: E. tenella (48.8%), E. necatrix, (11.9%), E. brunetti (10.4%), E. maxima (6%) and E. acervulina (3%) were identified. Reduction on the red blood cells, Hemoglobin and decreased packed cell volume values were seen due to the effect of the parasites. From a total of 113 chickens examined, 67 (59.3%) were positive for Eimeria species. Fifty three (79.1%) of the coccidian positive chickens, showed visible gross lesions in the intestine and caecum. The frequency of detection of gross lesions in koekoek breed was significantly higher than that of local and Isa brown breeds (χ2 = 20.731, p < 0.05). Comparisons were made between microscopic & gross lesions from small intestine and caecum and it was found that certain lesions that were graded as mild in gross examinations showed significant microscopic lesion. Histopathological examinations of the affected small intestine and caecum showed excessive tissue damage, severe hemorrhagic enteritis with epithelial necrosis, presence of large clusters of schizonts and meronts in the damaged epithelial cells along with infiltrating inflammatory cells especially of eosinophils. In conclusion, the present study showed that coccidiosis had a destructive effect on chickens that is represented by a high reduction in red blood cell, packed cell volume, hemoglobin, increment in leukocyte counts and various gross and microscopic lesions. Prevention and control methods need to be implemented to reduce the loss due to coccidiosis.
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    Hematological and Serological Response of Some Chicken Types at on Station to Newcastle and Marek's Disease Vaccination
    (Addis Ababa University, 2011-06) Edilu Jorga; Reta Dliguma
    I\n experimental study on five Ethiopian chicken ecotypes namely Jarso, Tepi , Chere, Arsi and Horro and other two chicken breeds (Fayoumi and 130vans) was conducted from December 2010 to June 20 11. Total of 260 chickens among which 70 Cheick. 40 Jarso. 2 1 Lorre, 9 I\rsi. 30 Tepi. 20 Bovans and 70 Fayoumi chickens were included in the study. The objective or the study was to evaluate the responses of different chicken types to Marek's and Newcastle disease vaccination through hematological profile, serum protein profile and antibody titer. Day old chicks 01' each ecotype were randomized in to two groups one for Marek's disease (MD) vaccination and the other remain unvaccinated while all or them vaccinated against Newcastle disease vaccine (I .a Sota strain) on 21 st, 5O'th and 120'h day after hatching. Three round blood sample was collected at age or day 3S, 65 and 105. For serum protein analysis and hemaglutination inhibition (III) antibody titer test three round serum sample was collected on 3S'h 6S'h and 135,h day each following fifteen days after vaccination with Newcastle disease vaccine. IA cording to the current study the total leukocyte, lymphocyte and monocyte count was found to be higher for Fayoumi and minimum count was observed for lorry chicken. Heterophil, eosinophil and basophil count was higher in Arsi chicken. Hi ghost packed cell volume (PCV) value (361.3.9) was observed in I:ayoumi chicken whereas maximum value' or hemoglobin concentration (9.002+.97) was in I\rsi chicken. The comparison or MD vaccinated to nonc vaccinated chicken reveled higher val ues of all counts and I'CV revaccinated but lower hemoglobin concentration. Lymphocyte count was found to increase with time (age) while others either decrease or no clear pattern. On the other hand, the HI titerl'or Newcastle was compared and Jarso and Fayoumi were found to be superior over the other chicken types whereas Bovans, Tepi and 1-IOiTO were with lower titer. The trend for total protein was increasing far Jarso, Tepi and Arsi and the values in these ecotypes were higher. This study generally loud that the chicken types involved were or a wide diversity in their response to Marek's and Newcastle vaccination which was reflected by the difference in hematological. serological and total protein values in responses to vaccination. Key words: Chicken types, hemagglutination Inhibition. Climatological profile, Immune response, Marek '.I' disease, Newcastle disease, prolamin profile, vaccination