Browsing by Author "Diriba, Dawit PhD"
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Item The Impacts of Industry Development on Expropriated Households Welfare and Environment in Sabata town of Ethiopia(Addis Ababa University, 2021-06) Terefe, Fekede; Diriba, Dawit PhDThis study examined the impacts of industrial development on the expropriated households' welfare and surrounding environment in Sabata town, Central Ethiopia. Household survey, focus group discussion, and key informant interviews were used to generate socio-economic data. The samples of industrial wastewater, soil, and vegetables were also collected to measure the concentration of physicochemical parameters and heavy metals in the samples. One-way ANOVA, endogenous switching regression, P-value, principal component analysis, Pearson correlation coefficient, hazard index, and bioacculmation factor were employed to analyze the the acquisition, compensation and expropriation practices; impact of industrialization on welfare of expropriated households; physicochemicalconcentration of river water and industrial wastewater;heavy metal concentration in wastewater, soil, and plants irrigated from industrial wastewater in the sampled area. The comparsion made between expropriated and non expropriated households based on income and expenditure. The results depicted that expropriated households' income decreases and personal expenditure increases contrary to nonexpropriated households'. The electrical conductivity, biological oxygen demand, total suspended solid, total Nitrogen, and total Phosphorus were significant along spatio-temporality variation which depicts the disruption of river water quality by industrial industrial wastewater. The bio-concentration factor of heavy metals was higher than one for copper signifying the increasing probability of health risk for those who consume vegetables grown in the area. The soil and river systems in the industrial areas must be reclaimed/restored using the existing industrial pollution control standard, installation of the treatment plant, transformation of industrial residual into biogas products, and realization of corporate social responsibility. The land acquisition induced compensation practices and expropriated households' welfare must also need to be restored through the implementation of collaborative property valuation, resettlement programs, and allocation of share from the company.Item Private Vehicle Owners’ Willingness to Pay for Outdoor Clean Air in Addis Ababa(Addis Ababa University, 2021-05) Musbah, Miftah; Diriba, Dawit PhDVehicular transport is one of the major sources of air pollution in the transport sector. Vehicular emission results in to the death of millions of premature deaths. The ambient air pollution induced by the transport sector causes a serious health problems, recent evidences focusing on respiratory and cardiovascular effects were associated with exposure to short term or long term exposure to air pollution. To this effect, this study is mainly intended to determine WTP of private vehicle owners’ that have a contribution to the problems. Furthermore, it elaborates the amount there are willing to pay to induce a dedicated fund in mitigating the problem to improve the quality of air and make livable. The research has adopted a stated preference method where the value of use and nonuse of natural goods is determined through CVM. Thus, an open ended pretest survey was conducted to determine the initial bid. Then, the final survey has adopted a closed ended questionnaire type. The analysis part was adopted to use a probit and Tobit regression model. Subsequently, the result shows that level of education has positive sign significant effect, while respondents number of years lived in Addis Ababa and vehicle service year have negative sign and significant effect. The research was able to draw Mean Willingness to Pay (MWTP) which has a value of 17.10 ETB per month and the aggregate WTP has a value of 2,874,294.5 ETB per year. To this end, this study can serve as an indicator to the planners and policy makers’ effort taken to cut vehicular emission. The study reveal that private vehicle owners were willing to participate in any action taken to reduce the ambient air pollution emerges from their car. This study tried to promote the implementation and efficiency of the existing pollution regulation. If the liability with regard to air pollution comes to a single private vehicle owners, and policies are derived on the subject, this study can serve as an indicator and the milestones raised on this study can be taken in to account for further studies. Finally, this research reveal private vehicle owners were interested to support both the presented air pollution reduction principles and financial contribution in widening public engagement in the prevention process