Browsing by Author "Demeke, Berhanu"

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    Assessment of Hazards, Vulnerability, and Capacity for Disaster Prevention and Emergency Preparedness "in Addis Ababa
    (Addis Abeba Universty, 1997-12) abreha, Mrnlugeta; Demeke, Berhanu
    This community based descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Addis Ababa to assess hazards, vulnerability, and capacities for disaster prevention and emergency preparedness. The study was conducted in 720 households selected by multiple stage sampling from 30 Kebeles of which 647(90%) responded, and in 66 institutions of which 55(83.3 %) responded. The most frequent and most worrying hazards identified were !lood, tire, outbreak of diseases and car accidents. These four hazards had caused signilicant number of injuries, deaths, and a large amount of property losses in the past live years. The main factors of vulnerability identilied were: unemployment, monthly income below the minimum government wage salary, illiteracy, and housing crowdedness with difficult road access. The capacities for preparedness, as measured by awareness of causes and prevention methods, availability of resources, and presence of a preparedness plan were as follows: the majority of the respondents were aware of the causes and prevention methods for the identitied hazards, but the prioritization of concerns did not correspond to the extent of damage that the different hazards had caused. The Majority of the organizations claimed having various shortages of resources for response. Although most of the organizations had no written preparedness plans, minority did have a written preparedness plan which can be a good example to the rest. Overall, much needs to be done on disaster prevention and emergency preparedness as most organizations lack the capacities for preparedness. A number of measures can contribute to disaster prevention and emergency preparedness. These measures include: Public education through mass media on prevention and preparedness; strict traffic regulations enforced by traftic police; strict licence issuance system; construction of fiood protection walls; and strengthening the capacities of specilic service organizations for response and encouraging them to have a written preparedness plan.
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    The Challenges of Home Based Care for Aids Patients in Ethiopia
    (Addis Abeba Universty, 1993-05) Demeke, Berhanu; Olwit, George(PhD)
    This is a discriptive cross sectional study to determine factors which can influence and pose challenges for Home Based Care for AIDS Patients . The setting was Entoto Awraja North of Addis Ababa Ethiopia . Four hundred eighty five persons from the community memmbers of Entoto Awraja ; 37 AIDS patients attending counselling and follow up clinic ; and 12 family members who were informed about their patients disease , were interviewed by structured questionnaires, while 127 health institution workers involved in the care of AIDS patients in different health institutions were given self administered questionnairs • The communitys', patients, families and health institution workers ,Knowledge, attitude, beliefs and practices on AIDS , hospital care and home based care of patients was assessed More than 60% of respondents had good knowledge about transmission routes and means of preventions , although 70% of them mentioned nonspesific symptoms of the disease . 61% and 81% of the community and health institution workers respectively did not think the hospital would meet all the needs of AIDS patients , and 57% of the community prefrred Home Care compared to 40% of the patients , 25% of the familly members and 43% of health institution workers. Majority of the the patients and famillies were afraid of social consequenses by beeing exposed due to vists by home care team. 60% of the community responded care team if asked they will .be volunteers for home while only 35% of the health institution workers responded similarly The study reveals considerably good knowledge v among the respondents on AIDS ,with bias towards clinical care and lees emphasis on th psychological support . The community displays less fear for AIDS and more positive attitude towards home care than health intitution workers. Promotional and educational efforts are recommended , with emphasis on health workers for the success of Home Based Care.
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    The Challenges of Home Based Care for Aids Patients in Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 1993-05) Demeke, Berhanu; Olwit, George. (PhD)
    This is a discriptive cross sectional study to determine factors which can influence and pose challenges for Home Based Care for AIDS Patients . The setting was Entoto Awraja North of Addis Ababa Ethiopia . Four hundred eighty five persons from the community memmbers of Entoto Awraja i 37 AIDS patients attending counselling and follow up clinic i and 12 family members who were informed about their patients disease , were interviewed by structured questionnaires, while 127 health institution workers involved in the care of AIDS patients in different health institutions were given self administered questionnairs . The communitys', patients, families and health institution workers ,Knowledge , attitude, beliefs and practices on AIDS , hospital care and home based care of patients was assessed More than 60% of respondents had good knowledge about transmission routes and means of preventions , although 70% of them mentioned nonspesific symptoms of the disease . 61% and 81% of the community and health institution workers respectively did not think the hospital would meet all the needs of AIDS patients , and 57% of the community prefrred Home Care compared t o 40% of the patients , 25% of the familly members and 43% of health institution workers. Majority of the the patients and famillies were afraid of social consequenses by beeing exposed due to vists by home care team. 60% of the community responded they will be volunteers for home care team if asked while only 35% of the health institution workers responded similarly The study reveals considerably good knowledgeamong the respondents on AIDS ,with bias towards clinical care and lees emphasis on th psychological support . The community displays less fear for AIDS and more positive attitude towards home care than health institution workers. Promotional and educational efforts are recommended , with emphasis on health workers for the success of Home Based Care.