Browsing by Author "Debissa Kefiyalew"

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    ABO and Rh Blood Groups Association with Preeclampsia Risk: Maternal Factors, Adverse Outcomes, and Hematological Profiles at Nekemte Hospital, Nekemte Town, Western Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2025-06-04) Debissa Kefiyalew; Abebaye Aragaw
    Background: Preeclampsia (PE) is a complex, multisystem disorder that causes significant maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Recent studies suggest an association between ABO/Rh blood groups and preeclampsia, but studies that examined these associations in Ethiopia remain shortcoming. Objective: To investigate the association between ABO/Rh blood groups and preeclampsia risk, by assessing maternal factors, adverse outcomes, and hematological profiles among pregnant women at Nekemte Hospitals that is located in Wallaga, Western Ethiopia. Methods: A hospital-based comparative prospective study was conducted in Nekemte town that included 208 pregnant women (104 with PE and 104 normotensives), chosen using a convenience sampling technique. Data were entered in Epi Info (version 3.1) and analyzed using SPSS® (version 27). Chi-square tests and logistic regression (p< 0.05), Higher RDW (32.942.17 vs. 24.831.50%, p< 0.05), and elevated neutrophil, lymphocyte, and monocyte counts among PE women compared to normotensive controls (p < 0.05). Regarding maternal outcomes, PE was linked to higher cesarean section (71.4%), and pregnancy termination rates (94.7%) (p < 0.05). Neonates of PE women had lower mean birth weights (2608.1754.54 gm. vs. 3281.25 46.01 gm. p< 0.05), reduced APGAR scores, higher preterm birth (83.3%), IUFD, and early neonatal death (p < 0.05). Most of PE cases (70.2%) occurred after 34 weeks of gestation. However, adverse neonatal outcomes such as low birth weight and reduced APGAR scores were significantly more common in pregnancies between 20-34 weeks (p < 0.05). Conclusion: No association was found between PE and ABO/Rh blood group and BMI. PE was linked to poor ANC follow-up, proteinuria, altered hematological parameters, and adverse neonatal outcomes. This effect suggests the necessity for a better follow-up of pregnant women visiting Nekemte Hospital.