Browsing by Author "Debebe, Daniel"

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    The Cause and Effects of Squatter Settlements Along the Kebena River Banks: in Bole and Kirkos Sub-Cities
    (Addis Ababa University, 2009-06) Debebe, Daniel; Mahiteme, Yirgalem (PhD)
    Now d ays squatter settlements a re no more a coping stra tegy of housing problems; rather it is becoming an adaptive strategy designed by many urban citizens who have no access to formal housing or plots to build their own houses. The Contemporary shelter crisis experienced by many c ities of the world are the result of chronic shortages of low cost houses and accompa nied basic social and physical infrastructure and services. Formulation of sound policies and s tra tegic plans to address shelter crisis, there is a need to understand the underpinning causes for the rapid growth of squatter settlements. More impor ta ntly, there is a need to admit that previous policy interventions did little or failed to address the problem effectively . With this background this research is an attempt examine the cause and con sequ ences of squatter settlements a long river banks in selected kebles from Bole and Kirkos sub cities. The Study used household surveys, unstructured interviews, focused group discussions and observations to gather primary d a ta. Relevant information also obtained from secondary data including books, unpublished documents, policy papers, regulations and guidelines. Both primary and secondary data are analyzed using both qualitative and quantitative data a n alysis techniques. This empirical study uncovered that the major causes of squa ttcr settlements a re mainly poverty driven which include unaffordable house rent, rapid rural urban migration, development induced displacement, unaffordable access to formal housing or urban land and people's anticipation to become squatter land lords a nd generate subs tantial income from squatter tena n ts . This study also revealed that squatter settlements have suffered from various socio-economic and environmental problems. The fact that the squatters are s itua ted a long river banks , they are highly vulnerable to frequent floods which r isks residents' live and property. Since the settlements grow outside the master plan framework of the city, they a re deprived of basic socia l and physical infrastruc ture. Lack of basic socia l and physica l infrastructure has resulted in severe h ealth problems which manifested as prevalence of variou s diseases. On the top of this, the most serious problems mentioned by the people is uncertainty which is related to th eir land tenure status. All the squ atter settlements identified in the area are highly unsecured of the plot they occupied. This n egatively affected investment ini tiatives to improve the social and physical environments of the area.
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    An Exploration into Perceptions of Junior Secondary School English Teachers towards Communicative Language Teaching and Their Actual Classroom Practices: Grade 8 in Focus
    (Addis Ababa University, 2010-06) Debebe, Daniel; Beriso, Italo (PhD)
    Researches reveal that teachers’ perceptions play an influential role in determining their professional behavior: the way they plan their lessons, the kinds of decisions they make, the way they react towards different methodologies and the specific method they apply in their classrooms. This study has, therefore, tried to present perceptions of junior secondary school teachers towards communicative language teaching (CLT) and their actual classroom practices with a special reference to Grade 8 English teachers. Both quantitative and qualitative methods of research have been used for the study. And the required data have been collected from twenty English teachers working in three different elementary schools using the three research tools: questionnaires, observations and interviews. Descriptive statistics such as mean, percentage and frequency have been utilized in analyzing the data obtained through the questionnaires while the observations and interviews were analyzed qualitatively in words. As a result, it has been found out that the aforementioned teachers have, in fact, a strong perception towards CLT in principle, but when it comes to practice, almost all of them have been found to fail in holding their strong perceptions towards the same. In other words, a clear mismatch has been noticed between teachers’ perception towards CLT and their actual classroom practices. And this is attributed to the multidimensional problems pointed out in the conclusion part of the paper. Mindful of the identified problems, therefore, an earnest and persistent supervision of the schools with regard to the implementation of CLT by the concerned government and non-government bodies is forwarded as a major recommendation at the end of the day
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    An Exploration into Perceptions of Junior Secondary School English Teachers towards Communicative Language Teaching and Their Actual Classroom Practices: Grade 8 in Focus
    (Addis Ababa University, 2010-06) Debebe, Daniel; Beriso, Italo (PhD)
    Researches reveal that teachers’ perceptions play an influential role in determining their professional behavior: the way they plan their lessons, the kinds of decisions they make, the way they react towards different methodologies and the specific method they apply in their classrooms. This study has, therefore, tried to present perceptions of junior secondary school teachers towards communicative language teaching (CLT) and their actual classroom practices with a special reference to Grade 8 English teachers. Both quantitative and qualitative methods of research have been used for the study. And the required data have been collected from twenty English teachers working in three different elementary schools using the three research tools: questionnaires, observations and interviews. Descriptive statistics such as mean, percentage and frequency have been utilized in analyzing the data obtained through the questionnaires while the observations and interviews were analyzed qualitatively in words. As a result, it has been found out that the aforementioned teachers have, in fact, a strong perception towards CLT in principle, but when it comes to practice, almost all of them have been found to fail in holding their strong perceptions towards the same. In other words, a clear mismatch has been noticed between teachers’ perception towards CLT and their actual classroom practices. And this is attributed to the multidimensional problems pointed out in the conclusion part of the paper. Mindful of the identified problems, therefore, an earnest and persistent supervision of the schools with regard to the implementation of CLT by the concerned government and non-government bodies is forwarded as a major recommendation at the end of the day.