Browsing by Author "Bruke Gezhagene"

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    Polymyxin B And Tigecycline Susceptibility Profiles Among Carbapenem Resistant Gram-Negative Bacilli Clinical Isolates at the Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2026-06-01) Bruke Gezhagene; Biruk Zerfu; Abebe Aseffa
    Background: Carbapenem-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacilli (CRGNB) Are A Growing Threat To Clinical Care Because Treatment Options Are Increasingly Limited. Polymyxin B And Tigecycline Remain Among the Few Agents Used Against These Pathogens, Yet Local Susceptibility Data In Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, Are Scarce. Objective: To Determine the Susceptibility Profiles of Polymyxin B And Tigecycline Among Stored CRGNB Isolates at the Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods: A A Retrospective Laboratory-Based Cross-Sectional Study Was Conducted On 130 Non-Duplicate Stored CRGNB Isolates Collected from January 1, 2019, To December 28, 2023. Isolates Were Revived on Tryptic Soy Agar and MacConkey Agar. Carbapenem Resistance Was Confirmed Using Meropenem, Imipenem, And Ertapenem Disks According to CLSI M100, 35th Edition, And EUCAST Version 14 Criteria. Phenotypic Carbapenems Detection Used the Modified Carbapenem Inactivation Method (Mcim) And EDTA-Modified Carbapenem Inactivation Method (Ecim). Polymyxin B Activity Was Assessed by MIC Testing, Whereas Tigecycline Susceptibility Was Determined by Disk Diffusion. The Data Analysis Was Done Using SPSS Version 27 And Pythone 13.5 Version Software. Results: Among 130 Isolates, Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter Baumannii 48 (36.9%) And Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella Pneumoniae 33 (25.4%) Predominated. Urine, Pus, And Blood Were The Main Specimen Sources. Of 130 Isolates with Complete Confirmatory Results, 44 (34.4%) Were Mcim Positive, 40 (31.3%) Were Ecim Positive, 3 (2.3%) Showed A Serine Carbapenems Pattern, and 3.9% Were ESBL Positive. Tigecycline Showed Better Overall Activity Than Polymyxin B. Among 115 Isolates with Valid Tigecycline Results, 109 (93.1%) Were Susceptible And 8 (6.8%) Were Resistant. Polymyxin B Demonstrated a Predominantly Intermediate Interpretive Range, With Susceptibility In 120 (92.3%) And Resistance Observed In 10 (7.7%) Of Isolates. High Resistance to Cephalosporins, Fluoroquinolones and Newer Β-Lactam/Β-Lactamase Inhibitors Was Common, Most Isolates Met the MDR And XDR Definitions. Conclusion: CRGNB Isolates Were Dominated by Carbapenem-Resistant A. Baumannii And Carbapenem-Resistant K. Pneumoniae. Tigecycline And Polymyxin B Retained the Best In Vitro Activity, Although Polymyxin B Showed a Less Favorable Categorical Profile but Mostly Low to Moderate MIC Values. Ongoing Surveillance, Susceptibility Testing, Carbapenems Detection, Infection Control, And Antimicrobial Stewardship Are Needed.