Browsing by Author "Bereket Legesse"

Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Magnitude and Predictive Factors of Acute Malnutrition In Children With Patent Ductus Arteriosus And Short-Term Postoperative Nutritional Outcomes At Tikur Anbesa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2026-03-20) Bereket Legesse; Helen Mintesnot
    Background: Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) is a common congenital heart defect that predisposes children to malnutrition due to increased metabolic demands and poor nutrient intake. In Ethiopia, the prevalence and predictors of malnutrition in children with specific defects like PDA, as well as their postoperative nutritional recovery, remain poorly characterized, hindering the development of targeted interventions. Objectives: To assess the prevalence and predictive factors of malnutrition and determine the short-term postoperative nutritional outcomes among children with PDA at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital (TASH). Methods: A hospital-based comparative cross-sectional study was conducted at the pediatric cardiac clinic of TASH. A total of 87 children aged 1-month r=to 18 years who underwent surgical PDA correction in the past 3 years the latest being 3 months prior to the data collection were included. Data on demographics, clinical history, and PDA severity was collected via chart review. Preoperative and 3-month postoperative anthropometric measurements (weight and height/length) was converted into Z-scores (WAZ, HAZ, WHZ) using WHO standards (WHO Anthro Pluss application) to define malnutrition (wasting, stunting, underweight, over weight and obesity). Frequency and percent were used for categorical data and mean and SD was used to describe continuous data. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression was used to identify predictive factors for acute malnutrition. Paired samples t-tests was used compared to pre- and post-operative Z-scores to assess nutritional recovery. Result: A total of 87 children with PDA were included; the median age was 5years (IQR: -8), and 60 (69.0%) were female. Acute malnutrition was identified in 52 children (59.8%; 95% CI: 48.7 70.1). in multivariable analysis, female sex was associated with significantly lower odds of acute malnutrition (AOR= 0.33; 95% CI: 0.15-0.98; p=0.04), whereas the presence of other comorbidities was independently associated with higher odds of acute malnutrition (AOR= 10.2; 95% CI: 1.21-97.85; p=0.03). Conclusion: This study reveals a high prevalence of preoperative malnutrition among children with Patent Ductus Arteriosus included in this study. The findings further demonstrate that the presence of additional comorbidities is a major contributor to poorer postoperative outcomes. x Most importantly, this research provides compelling evidence that surgical correction of PDA leads to a significant improvement in the nutritional status of these children, as assessed three months postoperatively. These results highlight the critical need for targeted nutritional interventions and comprehensive management of comorbidities to optimize surgical outcomes and support healthy growth in this vulnerable population.