Browsing by Author "Belete, Tigist"

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    Assessment of Hepatitis B Vaccine Utilization among Health Care Professionals at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2016-06) Belete, Tigist; Enquselassie, Fikre(PhD)
    Background: People at high risk for Hepatitis B virus (HBV) include health care workers (HCWs) in contact with blood and human secretions. HBV is unique compared to other sexually transmitted diseases, because it can be prevented with vaccine which is highly efficacious that protects against HBV infection 90- 100%. However, little is known about the utilization of the vaccination among health care professionals in Ethiopia. Objective: To assess hepatitis B Vaccine utilization and potential factors for not getting vaccinated among health care professionals at Tikur Anbessa specialized hospital, 2016 Methods: Facility based cross-sectional study was conducted at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital among five categories of health professionals (doctors, nurses, laboratory technicians, anesthetists and midwives), selected using systematic random sampling technique. Sample size was calculated to be 406 based on prevalence of previous studies. Data was collected using pretested, structured self-administered questionnaires. The data was entered in to Epi-data version 3.1 and analyzed using SPSS version 20. Descriptive statistics was employed to describe the study participants by socio-demographic, behavioral and health service factors. The strength of association was computed using odds ratio and described with crude and adjusted odds ratio. Furthermore, bivariate and multivariate binary logistic regression analyses were used to identify the significant associations. Statistical significance was declared at p- value< 0.05. Results: A total of 394 health care professionals participated in this study with response rate of 97%. Among them only 88(22.3%) have ever received hepatitis B vaccine. Age groups 30-34 [AOR:21.1,95%CI(3.6-125.5)] and 35-39 [AOR:18.6,95%CI(3.14-109.9)], educational status [AOR:0.14,95%CI,(0.02-0.95)], marital status [AOR:0.24,95%CI,(0.16-0.49)], identification of patients with hepatitis B [AOR:0.5,95%CI(0.25-0.88)], hand washing as infection prevention precaution [AOR:0.2,95%CI(0.09-0.42)] and exposure of health care professionals to patients with hepatitis B [AOR:0.21,95%CI(0.09-0.47)] were found to be significantly associated with hepatitis B vaccine utilization. Conclusion and Recommendation: This study showed that percentage of health care professionals who were tested for hepatitis B and who took hepatitis B vaccination is very low. This is a serious public health scenario and challenge for a country with high prevalence of hepatitis B infection. There is a need to promote hepatitis B virus screening and vaccination among health care professionals and government should play its part by increasing health care budgets and put priority on hepatitis B prevention by establishing a national awareness campaign, spreading screening and vaccination services all over public hospitals
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    Self-Medication Practice among Health Care Professionals and Its Effect on Patients or Clients at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital Addis Ababa Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2017-07) Belete, Tigist; Birhanu, Zena (PhD)
    Self-medication, as one element of self-care, is the selection and use of medicines by individuals to treat self recognized illnesses or symptoms. It is use of non-prescription medicines by people on the basis of their own initiatives. Although, over the counter drugs are meant for self-medication and are of proven efficacy and safety, their improper use could have serious implications both on health care professionals and their patients or clients. Social work is one of the caring professions which involve promoting and protecting the welfare of individuals and the wider community. Since, health care professionals are also segments of the community they can also be potential candidates for social work intervention. This study aimed to assess self-medication practice among health care professionals and its effect on patients/clients at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital. Facility based cross-sectional study was conducted among eight categories of health professionals selected using stratified random sampling technique. Sample size was calculated to be 294. Data was collected and entered in to Epi-info version 3.6 and analyzed using SPSS version 20. Descriptive statistics was employed. The strength of association was computed using odds ratio. Furthermore, bivariate and multivariate binary logistic regression analyses were used to identify significant associations. Statistical significance was declared at p-value<0.05. The findings indicated that 90% of the respondents utilize self-medication and 59.8% of them practice self-medication for headache/ fever. And painkillers were the most widely used type of medicine. The major reason the respondents practice self-medication was found to be mild illness. In the multivariate analysis, age, sex and work experience were associated with self-medication practice. The findings of the study have implication on policy that there is a need to reevaluate drug and health policies of the country and formulate rules and regulations regarding drug use