Browsing by Author "Belay, Tigist"

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    An Assessment of the Quality of Education in Some Selected Private Higher Education Institutions in Addis Ababa
    (Addis Ababa University, 2009-06) Belay, Tigist; Leka, Wanna (PhD)
    The tudy aimed al assessing the quality of education in private higher learning institutions in the cOl/text of Addis Ababa. it has attempted to assess the quality of education with reference fo some of the input-process-output factors. The sample population was taken from LX private higher learning institutions ill Addis Ababa based on their fields of specialization. The institutions consist of two colleges majoring in business, two in leT field and another two il/ medicine. The respondents were five administrators, 64 instructors and 277 students from the selected private colleges. The method of the research was descriptive survey. Questionnaires on four-point likert scale and interview checklists were used to gather data. Based 01/ the dala analyzed, the sludy concluded that 'input' factors such as instructors' iI/competence al/d inexperience, inadequate educational facilities and infrastructures have negative impacts on quality of education. From the 'process' factors, the types of teaching methods employed by instructors, the teaching learning process, inadequate leadership capacity and incompetence of college managers and the irrelevance of the curriculum placed negative impacts on quality of education. From 'output' factors, students' insufficient development of necessary skills and knowledge and its subsequent effect on their employability and effectiveness in the world of work were found to place a negative impact 01/ the dimension of quality of education in the scope of higher education. Based on the conclusions drawn from the analysis, possible recommendations were forwarded
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    Early Sexual Initiation and its Associated Factors among Youth in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2014-06) Belay, Tigist; Belachew, Ayele
    Introduction: Youth who begin early sexual activity are less likely to use condoms and more likely to have multiple partners and early child bearing which intern brings about higher rates of maternal and child morbidity and mortality. Higher rates of unintended pregnancy, HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted infections among youths make it fundamental to understand factors associated with early sexual initiation in a wider perspective for designing and implementing effective interventions. Objective: To assess the magnitude of early sexual initiation and its associated factors among youths in Addis Ababa, April 2014 Methodology: A quantitative cross sectional facility based study supplemented with qualitative enquiry was conducted on a sample of 622 youth’s attending youth centers in Addis Ababa. A systematic random sampling technique was applied to select the study participants. A pretested structured questionnaire was used to collect quantitative data while focus group discussions using semi-structured interviewer guide were used to generate qualitative information. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were done. Odds ratio with 95% confidence interval was estimated to identify predictors of early sexual debut using multivariable logistic regression analysis. Qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Result: Early sexual initiation (sex before the age of 18yrs) among youth in Addis Ababa was 42%. Among youths who had history of sexual debut at early age thirty-seven percent of them didn’t use condom at first sex and 44% of male participant had sex with commercial sex workers in their life time. Multivariate analysis:-Being female AOR = 4.46(1.41, 14.15), younger age group AOR= 3.20[1.50, 6.82], school attendance AOR=3.52(2.14, 5.79), reported pressure to have sexual intercourse AOR=2.18(1.13, 4.23), watching sex movies at early age AOR=7.27(3.65, 14.48) and using alcohol AOR=2.48(1.09, 5.63) were identified as independent predictors of early sexual initiation. Regarding consequences 37% of pregnancies were before the age of 18years. In addition, 47% of youths had history of STI in the past 12 month prior to survey. Conclusions: This study indicates that a considerable proportion of youths engages in sexual activity at an early age and continues to practice risky sexual behaviors. Peer influence played a major role in youths sexual behaviors. Watching sex movies at younger age (15-19) and use of alcohol were found to be independent predictor of early sexual initiation. In order to protect youth from early sexual debut, schools should focus on promoting peer educators and the way of peer discussion. Strategies should be designed to control the use of alcohol and to restrict watching sex movies at early age