Browsing by Author "Belachew, Girma"

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    Design and Thermal Energy Analysis of Sugarcane Bagasse Dryer to Improve Thermal Efficiency of Boiler for Ethiopian Sugar Factory. (A Case for Wonji/Shoa Sugar Factory)
    (Addis Ababa University, 2018-02) Belachew, Girma; Yilma, Tadesse (PhD)
    Sugarcane Bagasse is the fibrous residue of sugar cane stalk coming from the mills after crushing and extraction of juice. It is used as a fuel for boiler to generate energy. In Wonji/Shoa sugar factory a sugarcane bagasse of 52% moisture content which is very high moisture content in history of the sugar factory is used as a fuel for boilers to generate steam. If the moisture content of bagasse is high its heat generation capacity or calorific value is lower; indirectly that means the boiler efficiency become low, because it’s heating value is reduced and it cause the largest loss in the boilers due to the moisture carries the latent heat of vaporization up the stack. This study is aimed to reduce this moisture content of sugarcane bagasse and so increase the thermal efficiency of boiler for Wonji/Shoa sugar factory. To do that, a Fluidized Bed Bagasse Dryer has been designed and the thermal analysis of the system was also carried out by ANSYS Fluent. The Fluidized Bed Bagasse Dryer uses the hot flue gases that comes from boiler to chimney which is optimum solution to enhance thermal efficiency of boiler. In other way, re-using this flue gases for bagasse drying improves the environmental pollution. The bagasse and the hot flue gases mixed in the drying chamber of Fluidized Bed Bagasse Dryer to evaporate the water contained in the bagasse. Finally, this designed Fluidized Bed Bagasse Dryer enables to reduce bagasse moisture content from 52% to 41% and also increases the efficiency of boiler by 5.5% from 70 to 75.5% according to the analysis done analytically and using ANSYS Fluent. Both analysis gives almost the same result. In addition, the total cost of the dryer was estimated to be 1,310,136.146 Ethiopian birr. By installing this bagasse dryer, the factory can increases its income by 17,364 Ethiopian birr per day and recover this cost within 3.14months.
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    Gender and Education: The Case of Shebel- Berenta Woreda in East Gojjam
    (Addis Ababa University, 2007-07) Belachew, Girma; Gctu, Melese
    This study was conducted in Shebel-Berenta Woreda of East Gojjam Administrative Zone, Northwestern Ethiopia. The primary goal of this study is to explore the socioeconomic factors that aggravate the gender gap in education. Both qualitative and quantitative methods were used to generate the data. Besides, different types of written materials were reviewed. This study mainly focused on the impact of gender on females' education. In the study area, females' education is highly influenced by different factors such as parental educational and economic background and socia-cultural factors. Education needs the active involvement of students to achieve its objectives. The study examined how these factors innuence the educational participation and academic perfomlance of female students in selected schools of Berenta Woreda. The study also investigated the gender-specific impact of poverty on education. Lack of educational facilities and parental financial constraints playa negative role in hindering females' education in the study area. In addition to poverty, economic decision-making power and control over resources at the household level are examined. The education of females is affected by different factors. Among these factors, early marriage is the major one. Early marriage is the most common practice in the study area. The reasons for the practice of early marriage are depicted in the study.