Browsing by Author "Belachew, Ayele (MD, MPH)"

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    Assessment of health related quality of life and its determinants among type II diabetes mellitus patients in selected public hospitals of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
    (Addis Abeba University, 2020-11) Esubalew, Habtamu; Belachew, Ayele (MD, MPH); Sied, Yimer(MPH, PHD Can.); Tarekegn, Getahun ( Dr.)
    Background: People with diabetes have an increased risk of developing a number of serious lifethreatening health problems which lower quality of life. Poor quality of life is believed to negatively influence self care, which brings to declined glycemic control, increased dangers for complication, and intensification of diabetes overwhelming in both the short run and the long run. In Ethiopia, which is among the top four nations with the highest adult diabetic populations in subSaharan Africa, there are just a few studies directed on health related quality of life in type II DM patients. Objective: The aim of the study was to assess health-related quality of life and its determinant among type II diabetes mellitus patients, in selected public hospitals of Addis Ababa, 2020. Methods: Institution-based cross sectional study was conducted among systematically sampled 309 type II diabetes mellitus patients attending diabetes follow up clinic of three randomly selected public hospitals in Addis Ababa from May-18 to June-17, 2020 using short form-36 questionnaires to determine the health-related quality of life. The data was collected through face-to-face interview from selected public hospitals. We used descriptive statistics to present the data. Simple and multiple linear regressions were done to identify associated factors with health-related quality of life. P-value <0.05 was considered as independently associated factor for health-related quality of life. Ethical clearance was obtained from School of Public Health ethical review committee. Result: The mean age was 52.28(12.9). Around 59 % were female and 68 % were married. Around 30.1% of patients developed one or more diabetic-related complications and 57.9% have comorbidities.The mean for the domains of Short-form-36 ranges from 52.91(24.33) for role limitation due to physical problem to 72.7(15.13) for mental health. The mean and standard deviation for physical and mental component summary were 40.15 (7.27) and 48.11 (8.87) respectively. Multiple linear regressions indicated age, married, attended college and above,overweight, obesity, longer durations of diabetes mellitus, treatment modality, diabetic-related complications and co-morbidities as independent factors for one or more domains of SF-36 and the two summary measures of health-related quality of life. Conclusion: Age, married, attended college and above, obesity, overweight, longer duration of DM, used insulin alone or combined medication, diabetic-related complications and co-morbidities were factors associated with health-related quality of life.
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    Assessment of Magnitude and Factors Affecting Place of Delivery among Women of Child Bearing Age in Nunu Kumba Woreda,East Wollega Zone,Oromia Region,Ethiopia.
    (Addis Ababa University, 2013-06) Kumera, Desalegn; Belachew, Ayele (MD, MPH)
    Back ground- A lack of skilled attendants at birth accounts for two million preventable maternal deaths, stillbirths and newborn deaths each year. Several factors have been identified as barriers to access to skilled care by women; including unavailability of the services, inadequate number of skilled personnel, geographical inaccessibility and poor quality of care, economic factors, poor service seeking behavior, traditional and cultural preference for home delivery. Objective-To assess the magnitude and factors affecting place of delivery among women of child bearing age in East Wollega Zone, Nunu Kumba woreda, Oromia region, Ethiopia. Methods- Community based cross sectional quantitative household survey among 664 samples women of child bearing age was conducted using pre tested structured questionnaire in Nunu Kumba Woreda from March to April 2013. Multi stage sampling technique was employed to select the samples.Epi Info Version 3.5.3 and SPSS version 20 were used for data entry and analysis respectively. Associations between variables were assessed by Odds Ratio, 95% Confidence Intervals and p-values. Multiple logistic-regression was used to adjust for possible confounding variables. Results- The study revealed that institutional delivery was 38.7% in the woreda. Maternal age,maternal education, husband education, age at first marriage, ANC attendance, number of ANC visits, planning of pregnancy, husband‘s choice of place of delivery and mode of transport to health facility were associated independently with maternal place of delivery. Those mothers who attended primary education and whose husbands‘ educational status was primary were less likely to give birth at home compared to illiterate (AOR=0.50; 95% CI=0.28, 0.92) and (AOR=0.31; 95% CI=0.16, 0.59) respectively. Those mothers who did not attended ANC for their last pregnancy were 7.8 times more likely to give birth at home (AOR=7.81; 95% CI=2.23, 27.3) and whose age at first marriage were 18 years or more were 2 times more likely to give birth at home (AOR=2.07; 95% CI=1.03, 4.17). Conclusion- The study revealed that institutional delivery fell far below the national goal in the woreda. Demographic, obstetric, mode of transportation and preference are factors related to low utilization of institutional delivery in the woreda. Therefore, providing information for higher age group mothers and their partner‘s on increased risks of home delivery, providing appropriate information during ANC check-ups, encouraging ANC attendance, a llowing the relatives to be with laboring mother when they come to health facility are recommended.
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    Magnitude and associated factors of depression and anxiety among people with hypertension in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Hospital based study.
    (Addis Abeba University, 2020-11) Asmare, Yonatan; Ali, Ahmed(Prof.); Belachew, Ayele (MD, MPH)
    Background: Hypertension is one of the leading risk factors for global mortality, being highly prevalent in low and middle income countries. Among people with chronic illnesses, like hypertension, the burden of depression and anxiety are higher. Presence of depression and anxiety among hypertensive patients lead to lack of adherence to treatment and poor compliance to lifestyle adjustments, which increase patient’s risk of morbidity and mortality. Unlike in high income countries, there is paucity of information on the burden of depression and anxiety among hypertensive patients in low income countries. Objectives: To assess proportion and factors associated with depression and anxiety among hypertensive patients attending selected public hospitals of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2020. Methods: Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted in three randomly selected public hospitals. Through a systematic random sampling, a total of 416 hypertensive patients visiting anti-hypertensive clinics with in the study period of the selected hospitals participated in the study. Data were collected through structured questionnaire administered by an interviewer. Depression and anxiety were assessed through Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. The collected data were cleaned, edited and entered in to epi-data version 3.1. Descriptive and bivariable and multivariable logistic analysis were done by using the statistical software, SPSS version 25. Results According to the study, the prevalence of anxiety, depression and comorbid anxiety and depression were found to be 37.8%, 29.5% and 16.5% respectively. Factors found to have significant association with depression were female sex, presence of chronic comorbid illnesses, longer duration of hypertension, current alcohol drinking, family history of depression, marital status and uncontrolled blood pressure. Factors found to have significant association with anxiety were female sex, presence of chronic comorbid illnesses, longer duration of hypertension, current alcohol drinking, retired and non-paid job. Factors which were found to have significant association with comorbid anxiety and depression were female sex, presence of chronic comorbid illnesses, longer duration of hypertension, family history of depression, ever alcohol drinking. Conclusion Higher proportion of depression and anxiety were observed in public health hospitals in Addis Ababa. They are also significantly associated with socio-demographic, clinical and behavioral characteristics. Clinicians should consider mental health status of hypertensive patients.
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    Magnitude and contributing factors of low back pain among long distance truck drivers at Modjo dry port,Ethiopia, 2018.
    (Addis Ababa Universty, 2018-06) Yosef, Tewodros; Belachew, Ayele (MD, MPH)
    Background: Low back pain is a common musculoskeletal disorder affecting about eighty percent of people at some point in their lives. Globally, 37% of low back pain was deemed attributable to occupational risk factors and the magnitude was generally higher in those regions with lower overall health status. Objective: To assess the magnitude and contributing factors of low back pain among long distance truck drivers at Modjo dry port, Ethiopia, 2018. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among systematically selected 422 long distance truck drivers at Modjo dry port, Ethiopia from February to March, 2018. Data was collected through face to face individual interview using structured questionnaire adapted from standardized Nordic questionnaire for the analysis of musculoskeletal symptoms. The data was entered using epi-data version 4.2.0.0, cleaned and analyzed using SPSS version 20 statistical software for windows. Binary logistic regression was computed to determine association using crude and adjusted odds ratios at 95% confidence intervals. Independent variables found significant with pvalue less than 0.05 at the bivariate level were included in the multivariable logistic regression model to control for potential confounding. Results: The prevalence of LBP was found to be 65%. The study found monthly income above 5350 ETB [AOR = 3.07, 95% CI (1.76-5.33), P = 0.000], smoking cigarette[AOR = 2.28, 95% CI (1.25-4.17), P = 0.007], physical inactivity [AOR = 2.14, 95% CI (1.26-3.61), P = 0.005], irregular mealtime [AOR = 1.73, 95% CI (1.02-2.93), P = 0.042], chronic diseases other than LBP [AOR = 2.16, 95% CI (1.28-3.65), P = 0.004], frequent lifting or carrying heavy objects [AOR = 3.25, 95% CI (1.83-5.75), P = 0.000], perceived improper sitting posture while driving [AOR = 1.95, 95% CI (1.17-3.25), P = 0.011] and perceived job stress [AOR = 2.00, 95% CI (1.09-3.70), P = 0.026] were predictors of low back pain. Conclusion: This finding shows the public health importance of low back pain among long distance truck drivers in Ethiopia. Individual factors largely accounted for the development of low back pain, hence orientation on these modifiable risk factors and regular follow up on safety procedures should be considered to mitigate the problem.