Browsing by Author "Bekele, Tilahun"

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    An Analysis of the Needs of Evangelical Theological Colleges in Teaching English: With Reference to Meserete Kristos College
    (Addis Ababa University, 2003-06) Bekele, Tilahun; Regassa, Taye (PhD)
    The purpose of this study was to investigate into the needs of Evangelical theological colleges in teaching English considering the case of Meserete Kristos College. It is hoped to help future syllabus designers and material writers produce more appropriate syllabuses and materials and the English language teachers have a better understanding of their students. The instruments used to this end were questionnaires (to students and subject teachers), interview (to the English language teacher), and text analysis. The subjects involved in the study were 50 students and 16 subject teachers. Findings from the data analyses indicated that the students are expected to read the Bible and evaluate, prepare and deliver sermons in English in addition to some other activities that appear more common to other academic contexts. They also seem to have ‘wants’ other than those demanded by the target studies. All the four English language skills seem to be necessary with greater emphasis on the receptive ones. Besides, all the four genre types are needed – exposition being first and following it argumentation, description and narration. Some language functions, structures, set of vocabularies, skills, discourse structures and genre moves too have been identified as more frequently needed than others. The students in general had average performance in English and lesser exposure to the language and the culture it represents. Nevertheless, they had a positive attitude towards English and its learning. Some specific areas of problems are also identified. Concerning their learning preferences, the students seem to favor communicative methodology, grammar and texts of any topic. Based on the findings, it was recommended that syllabus designers and ultimately material writers may need to consider the English language needs, ‘wants’ and lacks of their students identified in the study in their attempt to produce appropriate syllabuses and materials. The English language teachers should be aware of the students’ learning preferences and see if there is a need for them to help their students make some adjustments or for themselves to make some adjustments.
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    Comparative Study of Aflatoxins Level Between Traditional and Industrial Barley Malt in Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2017-01) Alebie, Addisu; Urga, Kelebessa; Bekele, Tilahun
    Aflatoxin is the secondary metabolite produced by specific strains of Aspergillus species. It is a global health concern, which leads to contamination of cereal grains. This research was conducted to evaluate and compare the level of aflatoxins in both traditional and industrial barley malts. Aflatoxins B1, B2, G1 and G2 were determined by immunoaffinity column clean up and high performance liquid chromatography with fluoresce detection. Twenty four traditionally produced barley malts (eight samples from each site) were collected from Debremarkos, Finoteselam and Enjibarra. Six samples (three local and three imported) were collected from three different industries. Besides, a purposive survey for the evaluation of knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) about aflatoxin were conducted in both traditional and industrial producers. The mean aflatoxin level of Debremarkos, Finoteselam and Enjibarra malts were 5.30 μg/kg, 1.90 μg/kg and 6.72 μg/kg, respectively, whereas the mean aflatoxin level of industrially produced local and imported barley malt samples were 1.22 μg/kg and 1.69 μg/kg, respectively. The finding of this study was compared to the European Legislation, the aflatoxin B1 contamination of four samples for traditional and none of industrially produced barley malts were above 2 μg/kg of the tolerable limit. Similarly, the total aflatoxin content of eight for traditional and one for industrially produced barley malt were above 4μg/kg of the tolerable levels. Furthermore, comparing the aflatoxin content of traditionally and industrially produced barley malt, the aflatoxin content of traditional barley malt was higher than the aflatoxin content in industrially produced barley malt. On the other hand, the knowledge, attitude and practice towards mycotoxin specifically aflatoxin in traditional barley malt producers were lower than industrial barley malt producers. In conclusion, the aflatoxin contaminations of traditionally produced barley malt were more at risk than barley malt produced industrially. Therefore aflatoxin control and management needs attention from farm to fork in the value chain as malt is in input to industrial or traditional beverages where a very large number of peoples are used to consume. Keywords: Aflatoxin; traditional barley malt; industrial barley malt; KAP, HPLC