Browsing by Author "Bekele, Ayele"

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    Analgesic Effect of Intrathecal Neostigmine + Bupivacaine,Morphine+Bupivacaine and Bupivacaine Alone among Postoperative Patient Who Undergone Lower Extremities Orthopedics Procedure at Asella Referral and Teaching Hospital,South West Ethiopia,2019.
    (Addis Ababa University, 2019-05) Bekele, Ayele; Aregawi, Adunga(Assistant professor); Getachew, Lemlem(MSc in Anesthesia)
    Background: Spinal anaesthesia is a commonly used regional technique for lower abdominal and lower limb surgeries. Bupivacaine is the most commonly employed local anaesthetic for sub arachnoid block. Perioperative hemodynamic status and post-operative pain relief are important issues with Bupivacaine. Different studies have been conducted to establish best adjuvants to overcome these demerits and so as to enhance bupivacaine induced post-operative analgesia and provide a stable intraoperative condition. Objective: To compare analgesic effectiveness of intrathecal morphine + bupivacaine + neostigmine bupivacaine and bupivacaine alone for a patient who undergone lower extremities orthopedics procedure Methodology: In this institutional based prospective cohort study, 102 patients with American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) class I or II status, age≥18 who undergone lower extremities orthopedics were grouped into bupivacaine 12.5 with morphine(0.2mg) n=34, bupivacaine 12.5mg with Neostigmine (50mcg), n=34 and Bupivacaine alone group (15mg) based on the decision of responsible anesthetist. Data collection method includes preoperative chart review, intraoperative observation and postoperatively patient interview and chart review. Postoperatively duration & consumption of analgesia, first analgesia request as well as severity of pain using 10cm NRS score were assessed over 24hrs. The data were entered into EPI INFO and transport to SPSS version 22 for analysis of variable using one-way ANOVA, kuruska-walih H rank test, and chi square. Results: There was significant difference in maximal level of sensory block, time to maximum sensory and motor block among the three groups. The morphine group had longer time to first rescue analgesics than the neostigmine and bupivacaine group (P <0.05). Overall 24-hr NRS pain scores were significantly higher in the bupivacaine group v/s the morphine and neostigmine groups (P <0.05) Conclusion and recommendation: Morphine 0.2mg produce prolonged postoperative analgesia with few side effects than neostigmine and bupivacaine alone.
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    Graduate Project Paper on Colorful Paths in Vertex Coloring of A Graph
    (Addis Ababa University, 2012-01-01) Bekele, Ayele; Tsegaye, Yirgalem (PhD)
    This project paper is mainly focused on connected simple graph G and on the existence of a v-colorful path and rainbow path for any _ _ __ _(the set of all vertices of a graph G) of a given length, and algorithms to find those colorings. The first section contains the short summary of the paper and definition and application of tree search algorithms, as well as the comparisons between the two and the historical background of coloring. The second section contains the basic definitions of graphs. We define colorings-vertex, edge and total colorings illustrate them with examples. it also focuses on the definition of chromatic number, the bounds for chromatic number in the first section and then defines about walk, trail and path as well as definitions of colorful and rainbow paths. Finally we introduce two tree traversal algorithms, of which one is to be used in the algorithms. In section three, we are going to show the basic results of this paper, which is, the algorithm needed to color different types of simple connected graphs with different set of colors to show the existence of v-colorful paths and v-rainbow path of a given length for all v_ __ _. Some important theorems and lemmas are proved; Examples are also provided to illustrate each case.