Browsing by Author "Ayele Gezahegn"

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    The Determinants of Modern Agricultural Inputs Adoption and their Productivity in Ethiopia (The Case of Amhara and Tigray Regions)
    (Addis Ababa University, 2006-07) Gebru Ashenafi; Ayele Gezahegn
    The role of the agricultural sector in terms of its contribution to the Ethiopian economy is very immense. Further, the success and failure of the Ethiopian economy is highly correlated to the performance of this sector. But, still now, the sector is operated by traditional means of production and well known for its backwardness. Hence, to accelerate the sector’s growth and increase its contribution to the overall economic growth and securing the food self sufficiency objective of the country, the application of modern inputs in the sector plays a great role.This paper mainly aims at identifying those factors which significantly contribute to the adoption decision of modern agricultural inputs by the farmers and their productivity. To this end, the data collected by EDRI in 2001/2002 is used. In order to identify the significant factors contributing to the farmers’ adoption decision, the logit model is used. The factors contributing to productivity are identified using the Cobb- Douglas production function model. It is found that farmers endowed with better resources are better adopters in both Amhara and Tigray regions. The distance of input delivery institutions from the household, extension contact of the farmers and agro-ecological conditions are also major determinants of the adoption decision in both regions. Further, the socioeconomic status of the farmers and the education levels of the household head’s are significant in Amhara regions.The impact of land size, the ownership of oxen and agro-ecological conditions to the productivities of farmers in both regions are significant. Further, other sources of income than agriculture, access to credit and ownership of radio are significant determinants of productivity in Tigray. But in the case of Amhara region, whether the farmer is adopter or not, whether there is sick family member in the household and the socio-economic status affect the productivity of farmers.
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    Economic Performance and Development of State Farms: A Case Study of the Middle Awash Cotton Producing State Farms
    (A.A.U, 1988-06) Ayele Gezahegn; Suryani S.
    This thesis reports on a case study of the middle Awash cotton producing farms conducted with the objective of assessing the economic performance of Ethiopia’s state farms as well as identifying the factors affecting such erformance. The financial rate of return of the farms as calculated in the study confirms the result of aggregative studies conducted earlier that state farms are heavy financial loosers.However it is also the study,s finding that the same farms have consistently generated ret economic returns over the post seven years.This is experessive of the farm,s contribution to the economy by meeting rat material requirements of domostinc industries and engaging elements of the actively job seeking rural underempoved. The contrast between the farms positive economic returns and Their poor financial performance is mainly expiained by market dis tortions due to the government pricing policy. It also indicates the conflicting nature of the objectives that the government wishes to attain throug!l state farms . It is a second finding of the study that in spite of the current pricing policy: the farms I financial as well as economic rate of return figures would :lave been higher ':hall is the case at present with a more rational use of resources.The current farm management policy is 0ne of excessive centralization and stands in the way of such rational use.The findings of the study should not suggest that state farms understudy are necessarily be the least cost means of obtaining the benefits the farms are current’y generating.
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    Patient Delay to Treatment and Associated Factors Among Women with Breast Cancer at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital and St.paul Hospital Millennium Medical College Oncology Units,2021
    (Addis Ababa University, 2021-06) Ayele Gezahegn; Yohannis Tigistu ; Hailu Aklil
    Unlike developed countries, there is high mortality of breast cancer cases in low and middle-income countries associated with prolonged patient delay and advanced stage presentations. This study aimed to assess patient delay to treatment and associated factors among women with breast cancer at Tikur Anbessa specialized hospital and St. Paul's hospital millennium medical college oncology units 2021. An institutional-based crosssectional study design was employed among 205 female breast cancer patients who attended oncology units from March 1 to April 1, 2021. Data was collected by using faceto-face structured interview questionnaires. The study participants were selected by the systematic random sampling method. The coded data were checked for completeness and consistency and entered into EPI-data version 4.6 then exported into statistical package for social sciences version 25 for analysis. Binary and multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify the factors associated with the outcome variables. Results: This study showed that 126 (61.46%) patients had a delay > 3 months to get treatment, and 165 (80.4%) of them were getting treatment at an advanced stage of the disease. Age ≥ 41 years, AOR=0.4, 95% CI 0.2-0.7, rural residence {AOR=2.4,95% CI (1.3-4.4)}, distance AOR=2.3,95% CI (1.3-1.9)}, first diagnosed health structure AOR=0.2, 95% CI (0.07-0.7), treatment modalities AOR=5.5, 95% CI 1.7-17.0, cancer stage, AOR=0.5, 95% CI 0.2-1.0) and appointment waiting time AOR=5.9, 95% CI (0.12.6) were main predictors for a long patient delay to treatment. Conclusion and recommendation: Delay to treatment among breast cancer patients in this study is high. Higher proportions of patients get their treatment at an advanced stage. Distance, place of residence, age, waiting time, treatment type, first diagnosed health facilities and disease stage were important predictors for a delay to treatment. The establishment of additional cancer diagnosis and treatment centers and early detection and treatment of breast cancer cases may improve patient’s problems.