Browsing by Author "Ayehu, Desalegn"

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    The determinants of Motor Insurance Profitability in the Ethiopian Insurance Industry
    (Addis Ababa University, 2022-06) Ayehu, Desalegn; Assefa, Teklegiorgis (Assistant Professor)
    The purpose of this study was to analyze the determinants of motor insurance profitability in the Ethiopian insurance industry. The study used longitudinal panel data which encompasses both cross-sectional and time-series data. The total population of the study was 18 insurance companies operating in Ethiopia. Panel data for six consecutive fiscal years from 2015/16 to 2020/21 from six insurance firms were collected. Purposive sampling was used by selecting those insurance firms which separately publish motor insurance data on their annual reports. The dependent variable was Return on Assets (ROA) which measures the profitability of Insurance firms. The independent variables were loss ratio, motor premium growth, age of the firm, and size of the firm. A quantitative research approach was applied. Multiple panel regression analysis was applied. Generalized Least Square (GLS) regression was also applied to get the best estimates. Data were processed using STATA 15. The findings of the study indicated that the loss ratio showed a negative significant effect on motor insurance profitability at a 5% significant level. But the age of the firm showed a positive effect on motor insurance profitability but at a 10% significance level. The rest independent variables size of the firm and the motor premium growth rate showed an insignificant effect on motor insurance profitability. Based on the findings of the study the researcher recommended that the management of insurance firms should control their loss ratio by designing stringent follow-up of the claim department and devising better risk management techniques to get better profitability
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    Dynamics of Three-Level Laser Pumped by Electron Bombardment
    (Addis Ababa University, 2017-11-03) Ayehu, Desalegn; Kassahun, Fesseha (PhD)
    We have studied the statistical and squeezing properties of the light generated by a three-level laser coupled to a two-mode vacuum reservoir. The three-level atoms available in a closed cavity are pumped from the bottom to the top level by electron bombardment. We have carried out our analysis by taking the noise operators associated with the two-mode vacuum reservoir in arbitrary order. Applying the solutions of the equations of evolution of the cavity mode and atomic operators, we have determined the global mean photon number, the global photon number variance, and the global quadrature squeezing of the one-mode aswell as the two-mode cavity light. In addition, we have calculated the local mean photon number, the local photon number variance, and the local quadrature squeezing of the two-mode cavity light. We have found the maximum global quadrature squeezing of the two-mode cavity light to be 37.5% below the vacuum level. This result happens to be less than that obtained by putting the noise operators in normal order. On the other hand, the global photon number variance calculated by taking the noise operators in arbitrary order turns out to be greater than that obtained by putting the noise operators in normal order. In addition, our analysis shows that a large part of the mean and variance of the photon number are confined in a relatively small frequency interval. Furthermore, employing the density operator for the superposition of a pair of two-mode cavity light beams, we have calculated the mean photon number, the photon number variance, and the quadrature squeezing. It so happens that the global (local) mean photon number of the superposed two-mode cavity light beams is the sum of the global (local) mean photon numbers of the component two-mode cavity light beams. On the other hand, the global (local) photon number variance of the superposed two-mode cavity light beams is four times that of the separate two-mode cavity light beams. Moreover, our results show that the global (local) quadrature squeezing of the superposed two-mode cavity light beams is the same as the global (local) quadrature squeezing of the component two-mode cavity light beams.
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    The Output Light from a Subharmonic Generator and a Coherently Driven Cavity Mode
    (Addis Ababa University, 2010-06) Ayehu, Desalegn; Kassahun, Fesseha (PhD)
    Applying the propagator method discussed in J. Math. Phys. 33 (1992) 2179, we calculate the Q function of the cavity coherent light and the signal mode produced by a degenerate subharmonic generator. We then determine the superposition of these two light beams. Employing the input-output relation, we obtain the Q function of the output light. With the aid of the resulting Q function, the squeezing and statistical properties of the output light are analyzed. It is found that the coherently driven cavity mode has no e ect on the quadrature variance of the output light. However, it enhances the mean photon number of the output light.