Browsing by Author "Assefa Hanna"

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    Depression in Epilepsy and its Effect on Seizure Control among Patients in Neurology Referral Clinic at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital and Zewditu Memorial Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
    (Addis Abeba University, 2020-12) Abdulhakim Elham; Tafesse Abenet ; Tsehaynesh Fikru; Assefa Hanna
    Background: Depression is the most frequent comorbid psychiatric disorder in epilepsy. The prevalence is 6-30% in developed countries and reaches approximately 50% in developing countries, including Ethiopia. There is a bidirectional relationship between depression and epilepsy. The seizures themselves or the anticonvulsant drugs can provoke depression in patients with epilepsy. Anti-depression medications can also lower the seizure threshold and provoke seizure. Objective: The study was conducted to assess socio-demographic characteristics and prevalence of depression in epilepsy and its impact on seizure control among epilepsy patients on follow up at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital and Zewditu Memorial Hospital neurology referral clinic. Method: A multi-institutional prospective cross-sectional study design was conducted from June 20, 2020 to October 30, 2020 at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital and Zewditu Memorial hospital epilepsy follow up clinic. A stratified sampling method was used to collectdata using a semi-structured questionnaire. The study participants were epilepsy patients who are on anti-epileptic drug treatment during the study period.The questionnaire comprises ofbasic demographic data, clinical variable and PHQ-9. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 25, descriptive statistics were used to describe the characteristics of the study participants. The results were summarized and described using tables. A logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association between seizure control and depression and P valueof <0.05 was considered significant. Result: Of the 247 study participants, 128(51.8%) were females. The mean age was 30.7 ±12.47 years. Co-morbid illness was present in 85(34.4%) with neurological diseases being the commonest. 137 (55.5%) of the respondents were seizure free in previous one year. The prevalence of depression in this study population was 38.1%. Presence of depression and the use of polytherapy was associated with poor seizure control. Conclusion: The prevalence of depression in epilepsy is high. The presence of depression and polytherapy use were significantly associated with poor seizure control. Recommendations: Epilepsy patients should be evaluated for presence of depression using screening tools as it helps in better management of seizure control.
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    Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Falls among Parkinson Disease Patients in two Tertiary Hospitals, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
    (Addis Abeba University, 2021) Gizachew Yirgalem; Tafesse Abenet ; Tsehayneh Fikru ; Assefa Hanna; Hagos Teklil
    Introduction:Falls are a significant cause of disability, lost independence andreduced quality of life in people with Parkinson’s disease. Prospective studiesshow that between 45% and 68% of people with PD will fall each year, with alarge proportion (50–86%) falling recurrently. Objectives:To assess the prevalence of falls, their associated risk factorsamong Parkinson’s disease patients having follow up at TikurAnbesaSpecialized Hospital and Zewditu Memorial Hospital Neurology outpatienclinics, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods:Institution based cross sectional study was conducted amongParkinson’s disease patients on follow up at TikurAnbesa Specialized Hospitaland Zewditu Memorial Hospital Neurology outpatient clinics. Data wascollected by interviewer administered questionnaire and analyzed using SPSSV27 software package. Results: Data from 127 participants were collected and analyzed.The mean age of the recruited participants was 64 ± 12 years, and the males account for70%. The mean duration of disease was 5.6 ± 4.6 years. 48 (37.8%)respondents had history of fallswith 13 (27%) having singlefall and 35 (63 %)with recurrent falls.Median occurrence of fall was6 months after PD diagnosis.Duration of illness and severity of disease as quantified by Hoehn and Yahrstage independently predicts risk of fall. Conclusion:In this study the prevalence of fall among Parkinson diseasepatients is 37.8% which is consistent with previous studies. Among all sociodemographic and clinical factors, duration of illness and Severity ofParkinson disease were independent predictors of falls.
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    Prevalence and Risk Factors of Low Back Pain in Nurses Working at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital and Zewditu Memorial Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2017-11) Assefa Hanna ; Taffesse Abenet
    BACK GROUND:Studies showed slightly higher lifetime prevalence of lower back pain (LBP) among nurses and it is also a common cause of morbidity in the general as well as the working population. But, it is under studied in nurses working in Ethiopia. Objective:The main objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of low back pain and associated risk factors among nurses working at Tikur Anbessa specialized and Zewditu Memorial hospitals. Methods and materials:A cross-sectional study including all randomlyselected nurses currently working in the above two hospitals was conducted using a structured self-administered questionnaire. Results:Three hundred sixteen nurses (123 [38.9%] males and 193 [61.1%] females) participated in the study. The 12 month prevalence of LBP was 147 (46.5%). The prevalence was slightly higher infemale nurses (50.3%).LBP was significantly associated with working hours, bad body posturing, having direct patientcontact and previous history of trauma. 74 (50.3%) and 13 (8.8%) nurses reported mild and severe LBP, respectively. Chronic LBP accounted for 83.7% cases. Only 63 (42.9%) of nurses with LBP sought treatment. 49 (27.1%) nurses had been off-duty in one time or the other in the past one year and the total work days lost were 427 days. Conclusion:Though it is not associated with a significant loss of work days, LBP is prevalent among nurses.Different occupational and non-occupational factors increased the risk. This can decrease the day to day effectiveness and job satisfaction of nurses and affect quality of their lives as well as patient care.
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    Prevalence of Erectile Dysfunction and Associated Factors in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus having Follow up at Tikur Anbesa Specialized Hospital Endocrine Clinic ,Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
    (Addis Abeba University, 2021-11) Yayeh Desalegn; Tafesse Abenet ; Tarekegn Getahun ; Tsehayneh Fikru ; Assefa Hanna ; Hagos Teklil
    Background: Erectile dysfunction one of the earliest among the chronic complications of diabetes mellitus is increasing. The worldwide prevalence varies from 35-90%. In Ethiopia there were few studies done on prevalence of erectile dysfunction in men with diabetes and the result varies from 48.7% to 85.5%. In Tikur Anbesa Specialized Hospital Endocrine Clinic therewas only one study which was done in 1998 which showed 48.7% of men with diabetes were affected by erectile dysfunction. Since the last 24 years a lot has been changed in terms of socioeconomic status, life expectancy and prevalence of chronic illnesses including the proportion of type of diabetes, prevalence of other associated risk factors like smoking and waysof living. Hence, our study was conducted to seal this opening and assessed the up-to-date prevalence and related factors of erectile dysfunction. Objectives: The goal of our study was to determine the prevalence of erectile dysfunction andassociated factors among diabetic men attending Tikur Anbesa Specialized Hospital, Endocrine clinic in the study period. Methods: An institution based cross-sectional quantitative study of data collected from June 2021 to August 2021 from 269 men with diabetes mellitus who had a regular follow up at endocrine clinic, Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital. Face to face interview method was employed using a preset questionnaire for data collection & by reviewing their electronic medical records. The questionnaire included demographic information, lifestyle habits, medicalconditions, the IIEF-5 Questionnaire and acceptance and treatment seeking rate for ED. Data was entered in to SPSS version 25. Median, mode & mean ±SD, minimum & maximum were used to summarize continuous variables. Categorical variables were summarized by frequency and percentages. Associations were done by chi-square test for categorical variables and by using ONE WAY ANOVA for continuous outcome variables. Strength of the association was determined by binary & multinominal logistic regression using odds ratio with 95% confidence interval and P values less than 0.05 was taken as statistically significant. Result: In this study the mean age of respondents was 54.45 ± 13.19.Majority (78.8%) weremarried & nearly half of them (43.5%) had attended college education or above. The mean duration of diabetes was 12.89 ± 8.98 years. Among a total of 269 respondents 243(90.3%) had varying degree of erectile dysfunction. Of those with ED 11.1% had mild, 44.9% mild to moderate, 23.5% moderate & 20.6% severe form of ED. Statistically significant association was seen in longer duration of diabetes, diabetes related microvascular complications, being oninsulin therapy, having comorbid illnesses & drugs other than for diabetes. Majority of the study participants had never discussed about ED with their treating physicians (82.2%). Conclusion: The prevalence of erectile dysfunction has almost doubled from the previously reported in 1998. This study revealed duration of diabetes, microvascular complications, insulintherapy with or without oral agents, comorbid conditions &drugs other than for diabetes wereassociated with ED having statistical significance. ED should be given attention & healthcare providers should be proactive in assessing the problem