Browsing by Author "Assefa, Addis"

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    Contribution of Soil and Water Conservation Practices to Improve Households Food Security in Sululta Wereda, In Oromia Region, Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2020-10) Assefa, Addis; Abi PhD, Meskerem
    The objective of this study was investigates the contribution of Soil and Water Conservation (SWC) and its impact on food security Sululta wereda, in Oromia region. The necessary data were generated principally from primary and to some extent secondary sources. The primary data was obtained through household surveys with 120 households from the three kebeles using a systematic sampling method, focus group discussions, key informant interviews and field observations. Descriptive statistics and econometric models were used. In this regard, multinomial regression model was put in place to explore determinants of participation on soil and water conservation practices. Eventually, ordered logistic regression was deployed to examine the impact of watershed management interventions through soil and water conservation on agricultural production and food security status of households. The result indicated that SWC showed positive impact on agricultural productivity and food security. SWC measures traditional water-ways, traditional ditches, contour ploughing, reduced tillage, intercropping, soil bunds, terraces, cut-off drains and waterways were significantly related to productivity. Moreover, the results of the study shows that households participating on all conservation practices are better to be food secure. According to the multinomial logit results, SWC measures are positively related with sex of the household head, education, family labor, farming experience, chemical fertilizer, and distance from home to nearby market, extension services. But age, family size, land size, land certificate and market access has negative and significant relation. Increased infrastructures, services and effort along with both the traditional and introduced SWC conservation activities are key recommendation in improving production efficiency and food security are stemmed out of the study.
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    Trade Liberalization and Economics Growth in Ethiopian :A Bound Test Approach
    (A.A.U, 2008-06) Assefa, Addis; Estiphanos, Girma(Dr.)
    The purpose of the study is to analyze the relationship between Ethiopia's economic growth (RGDP) and trade liberalization (OPEN), using the time series data during 1971/72-2003/04. In the estimation of the long run and the short run relationships among the variable s, the newly developed ARDL-ECM bound test procedure (pasaran, 2001) is employed. This approach is capable of testing for the existence of a long run relationship regardless of whether the underlying time series are individually 1(0) or 1(1) or whether the underlying time series are mutually 1(1) or 1(0). This enhanced the stability and robustness of our results. Accordingly, the results indicate that there exist a long run relationship between real GDP per capita and openness (trade/GDP). The long run estimated coefficient suggests that the impact of trade liberalization on economic growth has positive and significant but others variables real exchange rates (RER) and lab our force (LF) are in significant impact on real GDP per capita. The short run error correction model also confirm that the existence of the co-integration relationship between economic growth and trade openness. Further, the feedback coefficient indicate that a very high rate of adjustment towards long run equilibrium. The CUSUM and CUSUMQ stability test also indicate that the estimated long run Coefficient remain stable over the period of the study. Since trade liberalization is the long run process, from the study we suggest that in order to enhance growth the country should continue to liberalize their trade.