Browsing by Author "Ashenafi, Mogessie Professor"

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    Comparative Analysis of Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (Wash) Situation among Public and Private Schools in Kirkos Sub City, Addis Ababa Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2021-09) Deyasso, Merkeb; Ashenafi, Mogessie Professor
    SDGs aim at a universal access to water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) and inclusive and effective learning environments for all. With this intention, a comparative study was made between two public and two private schools in two woredas in Kirkos sub-city, Addis Ababa. The problem was raised as schoolchildren lack access to adequate water, sanitation, and hygiene facilities. An objective was set to study the water, sanitation and hygiene facility with a comparison of private and public schools. A checklist based WASH evaluation was made during study visits in the selected schools. A total of randomly-selected 298 schoolchildren were interviewed using a structured questionnaire on their knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) in water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) facilities in their respective schools. The responses were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. Descriptive statistics, independent sample t-test, and one-way ANOVA were used for comparison and testing hypotheses for the difference of means. Result showed that problems of inadequacy and unavailability of drinking water, sanitation, and hygiene facilities are highly observed inside public schools. The one taking the front was found to be inadequate of drinking water in the school and others like toilet and handwashing facilities reveled. The menstrual management of all schools was found to be poor because of running water shortage inside the toilet which makes it difficult to have safe cleaning of menses. Generally, a comparative analysis was made effective on the variables concerning drinking water facility, handwashing facility, toilet facility, menstrual management, solid waste disposal, adequacy, quality and availability of WASH facility, and education and training towards WASH program among public and private schools. Investment to improve WASH facilities in public schools and education and training in WASH activities in all schools is recommended.
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    Household Food Security, Nutrition and Wash Practices among Vegetable Producers in Dugda Woreda Oromia Region, Ethiopia: A Comparative Study
    (Addis Ababa University, 2021-11) Alemu, Abaya; Ashenafi, Mogessie Professor
    The main objective of this research was to assess the household food security, nutritional KAP and WASH practices in Dugda woreda, East Showa zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia. Both qualitative and quantitative research methods were employed. Data was gathered from both primary and secondary sources. The survey questions were collected from 147 vegetable producers and an equal proportion of non-producers to evaluate the positive impacts of vegetable production on household food security status, nutritional and WASH practices. The result showed that the majority (61.2%) of vegetable producing households were food secure. Among the vegetable non-producers, only 15.6% of the households were food secure. The rest were either mildly (42.2%), moderately (25.2%) or severely (7%) food insecure. Fruit and vegetable crops generated more income to farmers than did traditional staple crops. About 49% of vegetable producing households get a monthly income of ETB 3000 or higher, whereas only 2.7% of vegetable non-producers get ETB 2001- 3000 per month. Less income leads to less purchasing power. Both vegetable producers (69.2%) and non-producers (76.7%) had good knowledge concerning appropriate household nutritional issues, though additional education on nutrition was needed. They understood the importance of feeding complementary foods to their children at six months of age in addition to breastfeeding. But they had poor practice and knowledge on feeding children with diversified diet. Appropriate nutritional practice was noted in 71.6% and 38.9% of vegetable producers and non-producers, respectively. Almost all respondents (86.4%) in both groups supposed that feeding children several times each day was difficult. Caregivers and mothers, thus, fed their children with less frequency and diet diversity. About 96% and 37% of vegetable producer and non-producer respondents, respectively, used piped water and appropriate practice on water sanitation was observed in 60.2% and 43.6% of vegetable producer and non-producer respondents, respectively. About 74.8% of vegetable producers and 50% of non-producers had good knowledge on critical time to wash hands. However, there were inappropriate practices in hand washing.
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    Nutritional Status of Children and Food Safety Knowledge, Attitude and Practices among Household Food Handlers Mothers Adigrat, Eastern Tigray Zone in Northern Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2020-06) Negash, Selamawit; Ashenafi, Mogessie Professor
    Foodborne diseases is the major public health problem all over the world, particularly in poor resource settings including the study area .The problem is more noticeable in the study area due to lack of knowledge, inappropriate attitude and unacceptable practice of food safety at household leve.l Thus, the main objective of this present study was to assess the food safety knowledge, attitude and practices of food handler mothers and nutritional status of under five children in the households in Adigrat town, Tigray region, Ethiopia. A total of 342 household food handler mothers were selected randomly from the six kebeles. To perform this study, a cross-sectional survey was carried out among food handlers’ households in the study area, between Januarys and March. Moreover, Households food insecurity access scale (HFIAS) was used to assess food security status of households, household food safety KAP were assessed with regards to food handling, personal hygiene and water & sanitation and nutritional measurements were used to assess children under five nutritional status. Data was analyzed by using SPSS version 25. Nutrition status of children Weight and height was used to calculate weight-for-age, weight-for-height and height-for-age by using Emergency Nutritional Assessment (ENA for SMART 2011) in the scale of WHO standards 2006. Results were presented using descriptive statistics and cross tabulation. Chi-square was used to test differences among categorical variables .The result of the present study showed that, low knowledge and poor practice in food handling, personal hygiene and water sanitation. The level of food security was 2.2 % food secure 27 % mild food insecurity 26.7% moderate food insecurity and 44.3% severely food insecurity. The findings also showed that nutritional status of under five children 28.8% wasting ,65% underweight , 51.4 stunted 48.3% MUAC chronic energy deficiency. To cope with this problems governmental or non-governmental stake holders, health extension workers should give education or trading on food safety and nutrition .Temporary solution should join them in to productive safety net programs
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    Role of Home Garden in Improving Household Diet Diversity and Child Nutritional Statuses: The Case of Woreda 01, In Nifas Silk Lafto Sub City
    (Addis Ababa University, 2021-10) Seifu, Goshu; Ashenafi, Mogessie Professor
    Food and nutrition security remains the high priority programs for the Government of Ethiopia because 38% of children under age five were stunted, 10% were wasted, 24% were underweight in the country. Stunting in Addis Ababa is 22%, as the result the Addis Ababa City Government Urban Agriculture Office and many other local non-governmental organizations promoted home gardens in Addis Ababa to improve the food and nutrition security of poor households. This research was conducted in Addis Ababa City Administration, Nifas Silk Lafto Sub City, Woreda 01 (Lebu) with the objective to assess the role of home garden on household dietary diversity and child nutritional statuses. The total of 230 households with equal number of sample from home garden households and non- home garden households were surveyed using the household food insecurity access scale, diet diversity score and anthropometric measurement of under five children. Both the qualitative and quantitative data was collected and analyzed. It was found that the size of the home garden varies from 12 meter square up to 300 meter square, based on the land availability. Plant composition was almost the same across the home gardens growing vegetables like kale, Swiss chard, Lettuce, Cabbage, Beet root, Carrot, Potato and Tomato. Home gardens were managed throughout the year using irrigation water from the tap water and from nearby rivers. The research found that home gardens provide supplemental sources of diverse fresh and nutritionally rich vegetables for home consumption and selling extra produces. And, contributed for the diet diversity improvement, income generation, and improved children nutritional statuses. The most important constrains identified by the research were land and water shortage, lack of inputs, lack of market information and advisory services, sustainability problem, lack of attention by the households, weeds and insect pests and diseases. There is a great need for capacity building, implement research with increased focus on nutritional aspects, soil and pest management, composting, and integration of livestock to enhance the productivity and profitability of home gardens