Browsing by Author "Aschalew, Jenber"

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    Comparative study on Changes in Hematological Parameters during the First 6 month of Antiretroviral Therapy initiation Among HIV infected pregnant and non-Pregnant women at Zewditu Memorial Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2016-06) Aschalew, Jenber; Tsegaye, Aster (PhD)
    Background: The use of ARV prophylaxis during pregnancy can dramatically reduce the risk of vertical transmission of HIV infection. Currently, limited studies have documented the effect of ART in decreasing the risk of opportunistic infection as well as improving survival of HIV infected pregnant women and fetus. However, little is known about its impact on hematological parameters in resource limited settings like Ethiopia. Objective: To assess changes in hematological parameters after 6 months of ART initiation among HIV infected pregnant and non-pregnant women at Zewditu Memorial Hospital ART clinic, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methodology: A retrospective comparative study was conducted among HIV infected pregnant women who received ART between September 2008 and January 2014 at ART clinic of Zewditu Memorial Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Data conveniently collected from 384 pregnant women on ART was compared with that obtained from 384 non pregnant women who are on ART as controls. Demographic, clinical and hematological parameters data were collected between November and December 2016 carefully from the existing ART logbook and antenatal follow up cards. Data collected through a standardized format were entered into Excel spread sheet and transported into and analyzed by SPSS Version 20 software. Dependent variable frequencies, mean, standard deviation and range were calculated. Mean change of different hematological values during follow up time from the base line were compared using paired t-test. P value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: The results of the study indicated significant difference in RBC Count, Hb, HCT, MCV, MCH,MCHC PLT counts were statistically significantly lower, while CD4 count was significantly higher in HIV infected pregnant women compared to non pregnant women. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups for PLT and total WBC. Prevalence of anemia, leucopenia, thrombocytopenia and CD4+ T lyphocytopenia at baseline and 6 months of follow up were 49.5% vs 54.4%, 20.7% vs 4.9% , 20.8% vs 18.8% and 88.8% vs 69.8% for HIV infected pregnant women, respectively. The respective values in HIV infected non pregnant women were 37% vs 18% , 8.6% vs 5.8% ,38% vs 7.8% and 58.6% vs 34.1.Microcytic hypochromic anemia was the dominant type in the pregnant women while normocytic hypochromic was the commonest followed by microcytic hypochromic anemia in the non-pregnant women. Thus, monitoring of all hematological parameters (not only Hb) is warranted. Conclusion: Comparison of hematological parameters of HIV infected pregnant with non pregnant significant changes. Since these parameters are strongly influenced as a result of pregnancy. Key words: Pregnant women, Hematological parameters, anemia, thrombocytopenia, CD4+ T cells and ART