Browsing by Author "Araya, Tekebash (PhD)"

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    Assessment of Occupational Hazards Among Students of Nursing And Midwifery in Clinical Practice, in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2009
    (Addis Ababa University, 2009-07) Fite, Teferi; Araya, Tekebash (PhD)
    Background: In their every day clinical practice, Nurses and Midwife students are at risk of occupational hazards especially risk of exposure to blood born pathogens potentially resulting to infections. The Nurse and Midwife students are prone to occupational health hazards and they are unrecognized group of health care providers. High levels of occupational hazards are believed to affect students’ health and academic functions. If the occupational hazards are not dealt with effectively, feeling of loneliness, sleeplessness and worrying may result. Effective coping strategies facilitate the return to a balanced state, reducing the negative effects of occupational hazards. Therefore, it is better to identify the occupational hazards that the Nurses and Midwife students face during their clinical practice and mechanisms of coping or preventing the occupational hazards. In order to have healthy and productive Nurses and Midwife graduates for the country, assessing the occupational hazards they face in their clinical practice and prompt intervention is very necessary. Objective: The objective of this study is to assess the occupational hazards faced by the Nurses and Midwife students during their clinical practice in all Degree program Nursing and Midwifery Schools in Addis Ababa. Methods: Cross-sectional descriptive survey was conducted from November 2008 to June 2009. 422 self administered questionnaire was distributed to 6 Health College Nurse and Midwife students who were systematically sampled and all have been filled and returned with much effort. The study populations were all of the systematically sampled of the regular Nurses and Midwifery day Degree program students of the six Nursing and Midwifery Schools excluding evening and 1st year students. Data was coded and analyzed using SPSS version 11 for computing frequency distributions. Greater number of responses and percentages were calculated. Result: The majority of the respondents (51.1%) knowledge of occupational hazards was gained from Nursing and Midwifery Schools, followed by books (16.6%) and Journals, (9. 2%). Majority of the study population (93.1%) indicated that they have got needle prick, blood splash and skin cuts during their clinical practice. The result confirms that all the factors mentioned in the work plan such as physical, biological, psychosocial and mechanical factors cause occupational hazards in the clinical practice. Conclusion and recommendation The study showed high rate of occupational hazards and the strongest predictor of needle prick injury, blood splash, and skin cuts, Nurse and Midwife students at risk for blood born pathogens. A safe and healthy practical area for Nurse and Midwife students is necessary for safe patient care and implementing control measures as well as preventive measures such as using universal precautions and managing shortage of preventive materials in clinical practical areas are recommended
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    Assessment of Traditional Practices During Pregnancy, Labour, Delivery and Associated Factorsamong the Reproductive Age Women at Kersa Malima District, South West Shoa Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2014-06) Tiruneh, Hulemenaye; Araya, Tekebash (PhD)
    Introduction:Traditional Practices reflect values and beliefs held by members of a community for periods often spanning generations. Every social grouping in the world has specific Traditional Practices and beliefs,some of which are beneficial to all members, while others are harmful to a specific group. Traditional Practices transmitted through tales, rituals, healing method and customary laws from generation to generation. Traditional Practices are more likely employ in developing countries where health facilities and health education are still behind the rich of the majority of the people.Although Maternal Mortality Ratio in developing countries is still 15 times higher than developed countries. This is because Traditional Practices are the main contributing factors for maternal morbidity and mortality. Objective:Assessment of Traditional Practices during pregnancy, labour and delivery among reproductive age group women and to identify factors related with them. Methods and Materials: The community-based cross-sectional study for the quantitave study and indepth interview for the qualitative study was carried out fromNovember 2013-June 2014 in Kersa Malimma District, South West Shoa Zone, Oromia Regional state. Result:The major Harmful Traditional Practices during pregnancy were intake of kosso with or without tape worm infestation, doing hard work. During labour and delivery the major Harmful Traditional Practices identified were home delivery, shaking the women until placenta deliver, cutting the umbilical cord with unsterilized razor blade, left the umbilical cord without tying, putting butter, vaseline and hair oil on umbilical stump (a short piece of umbilicus after the rest of umbilical cord was cut),giving bath for the newborn immediately after delivery, women taking bath on day 4 or 5 afer delivery and drinking local alcohol while breast feeding. Massaging the abdomen while the women were in labour and drinking “telba” after delivery are Traditional Practicesidentified but their effect is not well known and labelledas neutral practices. Those Traditional Practices that are indicated above have similarity with Traditional Practices described in indepth interview.Family monthly income is associated with kosso intake, abortion an educational status of the women is associated with work during pregnancy and abortion is associated with home delivery practice. Conclusion:Ingeneral, Harmful Traditional Practices during pregnancy, labour and delivery are highly prevalent in this study area and the effects of some of the traditional practices are not well known. Extensive health education towards the eradication of the identified Harmful Traditional Practices, further studies on the effects of Traditional Practices for those that are not well known and similar studies in other areas is therefore recommended.
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    Assessment on the Determinants of Induced Abortion Among Childbearing Age Women in Non-Profittable Private Health Institutions, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2014-06) Adugna, Haweni; Araya, Tekebash (PhD)
    Background: More than half of 80 million unintended pregnancies occurred worldwide would end in abortion annually. In developing countries more than one-third of all pregnancies are considered unintended and about 19% will end up in abortion. The determinants of induced abortion are considered to be socio-demographic factors, prior reproductive health and family planning behaviors and experiences. There is a need to address various problems with regards to women reproductive health needs including contraceptive use. Objective: To assess determinants of induced abortion among child bearing age women attending reproductive health clinic in Addis Ababa. Method: Institution based cross sectional study on assessment of determinants of induced abortion was conducted in May 2014. Study subjects were women aged 18 to 49, attending reproductive health clinic in Addis Ababa among who had experienced induced abortion by convenience sampling. A structured pre-tested questionnaire was used to collect data on abortion and related aspects. Result: A total of 390 reproductive age women were interviewed. Mean age of the respondents was 26 years. The most frequent reason for induced abortion mentioned by the respondents was not using a contraceptive method 29.2%. Inappropriate use of contraceptive 15.8% and rape 8.2% were also mentioned by the respondents. Fifty three percent of the participants admitted for using at least on method of contraceptive. Age and marital status were significantly associated socio-demographic variables with induced abortion. Total number of live birth, contraceptive use and future desire of pregnancy were also significantly associated variables. Conclusion and recommendation: out of all respondents 93.8% mentioned one contraceptive method, but still 55% women with induced abortion experience mentioned contraceptive related reasons for having induced abortion. This shows that there is a big gap between the knowledge and practice of contraceptive. Therefore, it is recommended that to strengthen and modify the existing family planning program in order to reduce induced abortion.
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    Barriers to Institutional Delivery Among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care in Robe Hospital and Baha Biftu Health Center, Bale Zone,Oromia Region, South East Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2014-06) Awel, Mohammed; Araya, Tekebash (PhD)
    Background: Institutional delivery, a childbirth conducted by skilled attendant in health facility built, equipped and managed to provide safe delivery services. Concern for good pregnancy and delivery outcome make women the largest segment of population seeking care. However many efforts have been undertaking to improve utilization of delivery services in primary health services unit of Ethiopia, still utilization is low due to huge diversity of determinants. Objective:-The aim of this study was to assess Barriers to Institutional Delivery among pregnant mothers attaining Antenatal Care in Robe Hospital and Baha biftu Health Center, Bale zone, Oromia region. Method: A quantitative cross-sectional institution based study using structured interview questionnaires was conducted on 195 pregnant women attending Robe Hospital and Baha biftu health centers from April 7 to May 1. Systematic random sampling technique was used to get subjects for interview. Results: - The magnitude of health facility delivery was 41(42.3%) and home delivery was about 56 (57.7%). The main reason mentioned for home delivery of their last pregnancy was not to be attended by male midwife, which were 36(57.1%). Multiple logistic regressions were identified: numbers of gravid, arrangement for place of birth and health education during each ANC visit as significantly associated with place of delivery of last pregnancy. Conclusion: This study found that High magnitudes of home delivery among ANC attendants and number of gravid, arrangement on place of birth, health education during ANC visit and plan for place of delivery were significantly associated with health institutional delivery. Recommendation: The Bale zone and Robe town health office should still work on increasing health institution delivery through female midwife