Browsing by Author "Amare, Melkamu"

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    Analyzing Ethical Practices of Public Relations Practitioners in FDRE Ministerial Offices
    (AAU, 2020-08) Amare, Melkamu; Shiferaw, Yohannes (Phd)
    Ethics in public relations plays a great role in human communication. It brings the credibility to the given organization. It helps to establish faithful relationships between organization and its publics. So as to achieve goals and/or interests of the organization and publics, the PRs practitioners should ensure the reliable services by fulfilling ethical standards and code of ethics. The study intends to analyze ethical practices of public relations practitioners at FDRE government ministries through such measurements of PR professionalism including professional ethics, availability of standards and code of ethics, autonomy, serving the public interest and so on. The study assessed three FDRE ministries PR directorates and PR practitioners by using a cross sectional survey and involved the existing 20 ministries in the country. It used a descriptive design based on purposive sampling technique to select source of data.The study used mixed approach and both qualitative and quantitative data collection tools such as questionnaire, FGD and interview were used. Employees, PR practitioners and PR directors were subjects of the study. The findings of the study shows that PR profession receives less attention in the organizations; there is a political influence which makes the PR office the government mouthpiece; the PR staff didn‟t get professional training and participation in PR association. Moreover, there were lack of center of excellence to PR growth, lack of practitioners’ skill and unavailability of common standards and code of ethics. As a result, it needs availing of favorable conditions from the government, PR practitioners and other concerned bodies. The researcher recommends that all the PRs practitioners should acknowledge that there is an obligation to protect and enhance the profession; keep informed and educated about practices in the profession that ensures ethical conduct and counsel its members in proper decision making by observing the ethical recommendations.
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    Reservoir Operation And Establishment Of Operation Rules For Lake Tana
    (Addis Ababa University, 2005-01) Amare, Melkamu; Hussein, Abdulkerim (PhD)
    Lake Tana, naturally existed reservoir, located in the northern portion of the Abbay river basin is the largest lake in Ethiopia with an average water surface area of 3110 km2 and estimated drainage area of 15340 km2. It is fed by four major tributaries all of them rising in the highlands surrounding the Lake. One regulation weir, Chara-Chara, is constructed at its out let to regulate the lake water for hydropower productions from two existing plants (Tis Abbay I and II) and for the realization of the envisaged development works both in the Tana and Beles Basins. With an estimated mean annual inflow of 12051.5MCM, water resources of the Lake is currently utilized only for hydropower generation at Tis Abbay I & II, local transport from Gondar to Bahir Dar, largely traditional level fishing and for tourist attractions at Tis Esat fall. Recently conducted Abbay river irrigated master plan project studies (BCEOM and associates, 1999) has indicated that the Tana and Beles basins all together have irrigation potential of more than 268,000ha out of which more than 145,000 ha is identified in the upstream reaches of the Lake Tana reservoir. At times of realization of the envisaged development works, irrigation and hydropower development works are, thus, becoming competing demands in the basin. Envisaged development works in the Beles basin are also competing with those in the Tana basin. This situation reveals that planning and reservoir operation in the basin is a serious issue that needs great attention, one of the principal reasons for this research work to be thought. Establishing the water balance of the lake on a monthly time scale is a prerequisite to effect reservoir operation. This activity is performed applying the continuity equation. Final result of the water balance simulation for the lake has shown that 69.2% of the inflow is lost through reservoir losses and 31% lost as an outflow. Currently the reservoir is operated at some operation rule that satisfies the demand from the existing hydropower plants and minimum requirements of the Tis Esat fall. Reservoir operation in this research work is simulated based on deferent envisaged and existing development scenarios that bear different magnitude of demands to the reservoir. Including the existing condition the research work