Browsing by Author "Alemu, Abdulehak"

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    Design of Fluidized Bed Bagasse Gasifier (A Case Study For Fincha Sugar Factory)
    (Addis Ababa University, 2013-04) Alemu, Abdulehak; Dama, Tesfaye (PhD)
    With increasing demand of energy and global issue of sustainable energy resource of the world, energy from Biomass is attracting the attention of many researchers as a source of energy in the world. Currently in Ethiopia about nine new sugar factories are being installed requiring adequate amount of electrification and energy. The demand of these industries can be met from different sources of energy. Gasification can be considered one of these sources. In this work an attempt has been made to develop a procedure for designing a fluidized bed reactor that can handle bagasse as a feedstock. By using an appropriate design procedure a complete design of a gasification reactor was studied deeply. The design procedure followed in this thesis is presented in Appendix III. The design work has been categorized into three different parts. The first one deals with the equilibrium modelling of the fluidized bed to determine the output gas composition. The equilibrium model is analyzed with the help of a matlab code giving the volumetric/ molar composition of the product gas. The higher heating value (HHV) found is 2.69 MJ/kg with the moisture content of 15%. A thermal efficiency of 50.78% was obtained which would have reached about 80% if the sensible heat of the product gas was put under consideration. The second part of this design work aims at determining the appropriate fluidization parameter of the reactor since efficient fluidization is required for effective reaction and maximum output efficiency. Parameters like the minimum fluidization velocity, the terminal fall velocity, the operational velocities and the bed and freeboard geometries have been determined. The third part of this design work investigates the dimension of the reactor, its insulation and the openings of the shell and other components of the reactor. The reactor has a 4.2 m outside diameter by 11.3 m height. Finally an economic analysis was done on the cost of the gasifier which compares natural gas use as an energy source. The configurations of the reactor and the distributor of the reactor are also the core focus of the design work. Key words: Biomass, gasification, producer gas, Thermal efficiency, fluidization, higher heating value.