Browsing by Author "Alebachew Derebe"

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    Post Thyroidectomy Transient Hypocalcemia and Associated Factors in Two Hospitals, a Six Month Prospective Study Addis Abeba Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2024-12-03) Alebachew Derebe; Endale Amberbir
    Background :Thyroidectomy is a very common surgical procedure worldwide. It is recommended for benign condition such as symptomatic large goiters, toxic goiters and for the treatment of malignant disease of the thyroid gland. Thyroidectomy has potential complications. The major postoperative complications are hypocalcaemia, hematoma, recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) injury,EBSLN injury and hypothyroidism are the most common complication post thyroidectomy is hypocalcaemia Objectives: To evaluate the prevalence and assess factors affecting post thyroidectomy hypocalcaemia in two Hospitals in Addis Ababa Ethiopia. Method: A prospective study was conducted in surgical department of TASH and Lancet hospital. The study included patients diagnosed for thyroid swelling and operated from May 1 2024 –October 30, 2024, meeting the following criteria: nodular goiter; operation by surgeons with various experiences; Age, sex, Hospital where the surgery done, indication for surgery preoperative diagnosis, types of surgery, was analyzed as risk factors for post thyroidectomy hypocalcaemia. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 27. P values < 0.05 were considered statistically Significant Result- Among the 188 patients who underwent thyroidectomies, ages ranged from 15 to 85 years, with a mean age of 44 years. The youngest patient was 13 years old, and the oldest was 83. Of the study population, 155 patients (82.4%) were female, and 33 patients (17.6%) were male, resulting in a male-to female ratio of 1:4.7. Eighty patients were operated on at TASH, and 100 patients were operated at Lancet Hospital, representing 47% and 53% of the study population, respectively.The diagnoses included toxic nodular goiter (TNG) in 46 patients (24.5%), follicular neoplasm (FN) in 33 patients (17.6%), simple nodular goiter (SNG) and retrosternal goiter in 31 patients (16.5%), papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) in 26 patients (13.8%), recurrent PTC in 15 patients (8%), Graves’ disease in 14 patients (7.4%), recurrent TNG and recurrent follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) in 6 patients (3.2% each), Hürthle cell neoplasm in 4 patients (2.1%), follicular thyroid cancer in 4 patients (2.1%), and medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) in 3 patients (1.6%).Regarding the type of surgery, 109 patients (58%) underwent total thyroidectomy (TT), 47 patients (25%) had hemi-thyroidectomy (including lobectomy, isthmectomy, Dunhill procedure, or subtotal thyroidectomy), and the remaining patients had total thyroidectomy with lymph node dissection (central, lateral, or both).The rate of post-thyroidectomy hypocalcemia was higher at TASH (40%) compared to Lancet Hospital (29%). Post-operative calcium levels and the type of surgery were significantly correlated . Conclusion - the overall prevalence of post thyroidectomy hypocalcaemia is 34 % and post thyroidectomy hypocalcaemia is strongly associated with the type of surgery with p value of 0.001