Browsing by Author "Aklilu, Andualem"

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    Implementation Challenges and Mitigation Ways of ICT Projects: Case of Innovation for Health Care and Training Service in Alert Hospital and Training Center
    (Addis Ababa University, 2021-03-07) Aklilu, Andualem; Atara, Adane(PhD)
    Implementation of technological innovation projects particularly Information Technology (IT) projects for health care and training service in developing countries faces challenges. ALERT hospital and training center currently implementing IT projects such as eHealth and eLearning to improve the quality of health care and deliver effective training to health professionals respectively. However, to develop and implement eHealth and eLearning in the healthcare and training system it is still challenging because the technological innovations by very nature are complex. These challenges of implementation include financial, infrastructure, knowledge, behavioral and social context, technological, leadership and governance, security, and stakeholders. The main purpose of this study is to assess the implementation challenges and understand mitigation ways. Under this imperative, the study answers the following question “what are the implementation challenges and mitigation ways to alleviate the implementation barriers?”. Qualitative and quantitative approaches have been employed in this study. The quantitative survey result shows that there are challenges of infrastructural, financial, behavioral, and social context, technology, stakeholders, and knowledge per their magnitude of prevalence. Other challenges such as the issues of COVID-19, staff turn-over, monitoring and evaluating, electric power availability, conflict of interest between stakeholders, accessibility, and language, and computer literacy of beneficiaries are also implementation challenges. Besides the qualitative study result identified that there is a good practice of mitigating the challenges of security and leadership and governance factors. In the future contemporary effects and issues of COVID on IT projects for health and training service implementation should further be investigated. Besides security, leadership and governance are not severe challenges in this study hence in the future, these factor variables should be more studied.
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    Modeling Soil Nitrogen Balance Using Geographical Information Systemsand Remote Sensing: The Case of Lower Bilate River Basin, Southern Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa Universty, 2009-06) Aklilu, Andualem; Legesse, Dagnachew (PhD)
    The consideration of soil fertility decline primarily referred to the exploitation of soil nitrogen. Nitrogen could be added to the soil via Commercial fertilizers, Organic inputs, Biological nitrogen fixation and Deposition. Conversely, it may be lost from the soil through Leaching, Erosion, Denitirification, Crop yield harvest and Crop residue removal. The study area was located in lower Bilate River basin within the Ethiopian rift valley which was characterized by an arid climatic condition with an erratic and unreliable rainfall characteristic. The core objectives of this research were modeling of the soil nitrogen balance and the plant available stock soil nitrogen by using a spatially explicit methodology of Remote Sensing and Geographical Information Systems. Moreover, the uncertainties and source of errors were assessed. To accomplish the mentioned objectives the study had integrated various primary and secondary data from various sources. The main inputs were digital soil map, Landsat-ETM+ satellite imagery, SRTM data, Rainfall data, and Agricultural data. The basic methodology of Stoorvogel and Smaling (1990) was adapted for soil nutrient balance estimation while the plant available stock soil nitrogen was determined using simple empirical relations. The research found out that in general croplands are endowed with lower amount of plant available stock soil nitrogen than non croplands. The addition of Commercial fertilizers like DAP and Urea were the main inflows in maize land while the fertilizer NPK was the major source of inflow in tobacco farm. Animal manure was the main source of nitrogen inflow in lands of Sweet potato, Cotton and Bush and Scattered shrub land. Harvested crop yield was the major source of nitrogen loss in crop lands. The removal of crop residues was the second most important source of nitrogen outflow in the area followed by Denitirification and Erosion. The soil nitrogen balance modeling revealed that 6 % of the area was very strongly depleted (> 40 N), 31 % was strongly depleted (20-40 N), and 61 % was slightly depleted (< 20 N). Flows such as Commercial fertilizer, Harvested yield and Residue removal were the possible sources of errors in the final soil nitrogen balance estimation. Land and water management technologies which maximize inflows of nitrogen while reducing the outflows like addition of Commercial and Organic fertilizers as well as soil and water conservation structures were the possible remedial measures that could alleviate soil fertility decline problem in the area. Key words: GIS/RS, Inflow, Outflows, Soil Nitrogen Balance, Plant Available Stock Soil Nitrogen, Lower Bilate River Basin
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    Understanding the Role of Stakeholders in Fostering Sustainability of Ict4d Projects: Towards a Conceptual Framework
    (Addis Ababa University, 2020-06) Aklilu, Andualem; Lessa, Lemma (PhD)
    One of the determinant factors concerning stakeholders engaged in the development project is the degree of their role. Sustainability of the ICT4D project has a relationship with stakeholders' involvement. However, in the ICT4D domain, there is a lack of insight, theoretical models, and frameworks to understand stakeholder perspectives. Understanding the role of stakeholders in ICT4D in an effort towards the sustainability of ICT4D projects has become an Emergent Research agenda since the is a lack of knowledge of understanding and is not well understood. An existing sustainable eHealth ICT4D project implementation framework is adopted and modified to build a conceptual research framework to conduct qualitative single case study. The aim of the analysis is to provide a better understanding of stakeholders’ role in each IS Lifecyle of ICT4D project and to deliver the research objective. An interview and focused group discussion were applied in collecting qualitative data in addition to the use of secondary data source. A thematic analysis is employed to analyze the data collected aimed at simplifying an understanding of the role of stakeholders for the success and sustainability of eHealth ICT4D projects to produce impact. Accordingly, creating a sense of project ownership and localization of eHealth ICT infrastructure, formulation of strategy, policy and guideline, resource mobilization, building good internal organizational process, scaling up exiting project service and sustaining the impact at scale, building local leadership commitment, adopting ICT4D knowledge management framework, conducting Post- Mortem ICT4D project research, alignment of the project objective and stakeholders effort with the country’s ICT strategic vision and synergizing their team effort towards establishing a project sustainability controlling organization are found determining issues to improve and sustain the ICT4D project's service impact beyond the successful implementation of the project. The finding can be used to better understand the stakeholder’s role and align themselves to wards sustainability of ICT4D project for developing countries with similar projects objective, taking cultural. government and donor’s needs compatibility in to consideration. However, it is still demanding to study further for a better understanding using in-depth exploration of role and testing the proposed theoretical framework quantitatively with an empirical data. Keywords: ICT4D, Sustainability, Success, Stakeholders role, Stakeholders engagement, ICT4D