Browsing by Author "Adugna, Getachew"

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    Assessment of Teachers' Performance in Teaching Using Awngi As A Medium of Instruction in The First Cycle of Primary School in Awl Administrative Zone
    (Addis Ababa University, 2007-07) Allene, Girmaw; Adugna, Getachew
    The purpose of this study is to assess the performance of teachers in Awngi medium first cycle primary schools in Awi Zone and suggest possible solutions to the problems that may impede the program. To this end, the research employed a survey descriptive research methodology. The sample consisted of 8 schools two of which were selected from each woreda of the four woredas which were chosen among the five woredas the zone comprises. Simple random method in a lottery system was used to select the sample schools and woredas. Regarding the respondents, 80 teachers and 60 students were drawn from the eight chosen schools using purposive and availability sampling technique and systematic simple random method respectively . The teachers were made to fill in the questinnaire while target group discussion was held for the students. Furthermore, interview was held with selected 15 experts from woreda and zone education offices. The data collated thus were analyzed (quantitatively & qualitatively) using frequency COUnlS, percentages and descriptive phrases. The results obtained thus indicate that assignment of teachers to teach in Awngi without obtaining sufficient training in the language, failure to prepare texts in accordance with the values of the speech community, absence of appropriately skilled experts in the language to provide necessary support to Awngi medium teachers, and absence of reference materials prepared in the language have resulted in bringing about problems that hamper the performance of Awngi medium teachers and eventually entail loss of interest and motivation both in the teachers and students. Based on the findings and conclusions, the study eventually makes recommendations which include establishment of teacher training institution in Awngi and provision of appropriate training for the teachers and supervisors, preparations of texts in accordance with the values of the speech community, s~!Oicient supplementary materials and necessary manuals in the language
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    The Implementation of Practicum In Private Colleges of Teacher Education In Tigray Region: The Case of Hashenge College
    (Addis Ababauniversity, 2007-07) Abrhane, Amdework; Adugna, Getachew
    The purpose of the study was to investigate the implementation of practicum in Hasheng College. To meet this objective descriptive survey method was employed. The sources of data were 77 student teachers, 20 tutors, 20 mentors. Simple random sampling technique was employed to select student teachers and mentors. Available sampling technique was employed to select tutors. Questionnaire was used as data gathering tool. The finding of the study reveals that the perception of student teachers mentors and tutors towards practicum was favorable. The contribution of the peer teaching and action research was moderate. In addition, the finding of the study reveals mentors were not effectively discharging their .roles due to lack of time, large number of student teachers assigned to them, lack of mentoring skills. Tutors were not effectively discharging their roles due to lack of time, large number of student teachers assigned to them, lack of transportation. Moreover, the result of the study revels that the level of awareness of the practicum participants were low, there was loose relationship between schools and the college and the availability of relevant resources in the libraries and school pedagogical center was low
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    Occupational Exposures to Needle stick and Sharp Injury and Blood/Body Fluid Splash and Determinants Among Health Care Workers at Selected Hospitals In Addis Ababa
    (Addis Abeba University, 2019-09) Adugna, Getachew; Pro.Ali, Ahmed
    Background: Needlestick injuries, sharps injuries, and blood/body fluid splash are hazards to health care professionals in their working area. Around twenty bloodborne pathogens are known to be transmitted through these occupational injuries. This problem alters the health status of health care professionals (HCPs) in different ways, including physically, mentally, and psychologically. Even though HCPs are affected at a high rate, there is a low injury report to a higher level. Objective: To assess the prevalence of occupational exposure to needlestick injuries, Sharp injuries, and body fluid splash with their determinants among health care professionals of governmental hospitals in Addis Ababa. Methods: Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted by self-administered questionnaire among health care professionals in six selected hospitals. Data was collected from March 2019 to April 2019, with the study sample size of 438. Six government hospitals selected via simple random sampling (lottery method) from twelve hospitals. Data were gathered using a self-administered questionnaire. SPSS version 25 used for data analysis. The type of analysis was bivariate and multivariate logistic regression with 95% confidence interval. Results: Overall, one-year burden of occupational exposure to Needle stick injury (NSI), Sharp injury (SI), and Blood and body fluid splashes (BBFs) were 141 (33.3%), 90 (21.2%) and 198 (46.7%) respectively. Maximum occurrence of NSI, SI, or BBFs reported from Emergency 104(36.4%) and Inpatient departments 101(35.3%). Higher exposure of NSI, SI and BBFs were reported by nurses, 58.2%, 62.2%, and 54.6% respectively, while midwifery professionals had twelve times more possible exposure of BBFs (AOR 11.89 95% CI 1.25-112.7) compared to Physicians, Nurses, Health officers, and Laboratory Technicians. Study participants who had not training on infection prevention and safety practice were positively associated to NSI (AOR 3.4, 95% CI 1.5-7.5), SI (AOR 3.02, 95% CI 1.17-7.73) and BBFs (AOR 4.27, 95% CI 1.94-9.41). The likelihood of reporting NSI (AOR 2.6, 95% CI 1.3-5.3) and SI (AOR 3.97, 95% CI 1.86-8.47) significantly increased among single in marital status. Participants who had job-related stress were two times more likely encountered to NSI, SI, and BBFs, (AOR 2.23, 95% CI 1.14-4.35), (AOR 2.07, 95% CI 1.033-4.15) and (AOR 2.18, 95% CI 1.07-4.49), respectively. Respondents who dissatisfied on their job were nearly three times more likely to sustain NSI and SI (AOR 2.85, 95% CI 1.4-5.8) and (AOR 2.36, 95% CI 1.11- 4.99) respectively. HCPs who worked in shift were twice likely to expose to BBFs (AOR 2.36, 95% CI 1.0345.4). Conclusion and recommendation: The burden of needlestick injuries, sharps injuries, and blood/body fluid splash were high. Unsafe practice and not applying universal precautions were also considerably high. Formal training on infection prevention and safety practice and continuous supportive monitoring to health care professionals from the concerned bodies is recommended to prevent prevalent occupational exposures to needlestick, sharps injuries, and blood/body fluid splash.
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    Practices, Challenges and Opportunities of Using Gumuzgna as A Medium of Instruction in Four Primary Schools of Metical Zone
    (Addis Ababa University, 2018-06) Nemera, Kefeyalew; Adugna, Getachew
    The main purpose of the study was to investigate practices and opportunities that promoted the use of Gumuzgna as medium of instruction and the challenges were faced in the course of its implementation in four primary schools of Metekel Zone. To this end, a descriptive survey design was employed to collect and analyze data in addition to employing mixed approach. Based on the nature of respondents, sampling was carried out through random, availability and purposive sampling techniques. Thus, four sample schools were selected from Debati, Mandura, Dangur and Guba Woredas. The subjects of the study were 40 teachers, 12 parents, 5 MT experts, 5 curriculum department heads and 72 students. The data was collected through questionnaire, interview, focus group discussion, document analysis and observation. The result shows that, there is lack of appropriate per and in-service training of Gumuzgna teachers, there is lack of participation of students, teachers and parents in selection of script for Gumuzgna medium. There is positive attitude of some community members and politicians to use Gumuzgna as medium of instruction. Enthusiastic feelings of some Gumuz intellectuals, positive support of the local politicians, constitutional rights about mother tongue and experience observed from other local languages were some of the opportunities that have promoted the use of Gumuzgna as MOI. The study also identified some achievements in relative increase of students’ enrollment, decrease dropout rate and repetition rates. Besides, this research result also indicated, improved students self- esteem, self-expression and motivated classroom communication were some of the promoting factors. On the other hand, scarce instructional materials, insufficient time span given for training of teachers, insufficient participation of teachers in planning, selection, preparation and evaluation of instructional materials and community’s lack of awareness towards the language of instruction were challenges of the program. Moreover, lack of general and supplementary materials, continuous follow-up, assessment, evaluation, weak academic institutions and centralization of decision-making were also the critical problems. Furthermore, lack of need assessment and policy reach were the most pressing problems. The finding concluded that there is demanding need for needs assessment, provision of instructional and reference materials, participation of community in decision making, in-service and pre- service professional training in the language. Further, the finding concluded that there is a need to use the language for academic purpose, overcome centralized decision-making and avoid dialectical difference among woredas. Accordingly, it was recommended that the regional, zonal and localworeda administrators are required carry out need assessments and complete the necessary preparations before the implementation of the program. Besides, they are advised to arrange efficient in-service and pre- service training programs to develop teachers' competence, create awareness and participate stakeholders in decision-making processes. Finally, all interested development agencies both local and international are called upon to provide their financially and technically support to the region in order to achievement the intended goal.
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    The Practices, Challenges and Opportunities using Nuer Language as a Medium of Instruction in Primary Schools Curriculum and Instruction in Wanthoa Woreda in the Nuer Zone of Gambella Regional State
    (Addis Ababa University, 2018-06) Jock, Buony; Adugna, Getachew
    In Ethiopia the use of mother tongue as a MOI for formal education widely started with the adoption of the new education and training policy of 1994. Thus, several nationality languages are being used as medium of instruction. Nuer is among these languages. The purpose of this study is to know The Practices, Challenges and Opportunities of Nuer Languages as a Medium of Instruction in Wanthoa Woreda of Gambella (Matar Town) and also examining the attitude of teachers, students and society toward the Practices, Challenges and Opportunities and use of this Nuer language as a medium of instruction and suggest possible solution to the problem. To this end, research employed a survey descriptive research methodology. The study’s sample includes teachers, students, parents and educational experts in the town. Data was collected using interview, focus group discussion and observation. Qualitative methods were used to analyze data. Absence of in service training, the negative attitude of the students, parents and teachers toward using Nuer as medium of instruction and absence of reference material are among the major findings of this research. Therefore so as to solve the problem of Nuer as a medium of instruction teacher should receive in service training in Nuer context, Nuer as a medium reference material should be design, Ethnic and linguistic complexity should take in to consideration by the Nuer Zone Wanthoa Woreda Gambella Regional government and The Practices, Challenges and Opportunities of Nuer Languages as a Medium of Instruction in Wanthoa Woreda of Gambella Region of NMI Nuer policy.
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    The Role of Technical and Vocational Education and Training in Preparing Its Graduates for Green Jobs in Entoto Technical and Vocational Education and Misrak Poly-Technique Colleges
    (Addis Ababa University, 2017-06) Melaku, Meberat; Adugna, Getachew
    The purpose of this study was to assess the role of Technical and Vocational Education and Training in preparing its graduates for green jobs: at Entoto and Poly-technique colleges and to suggest possible mechanisms to reduce the problem. A descriptive survey research design was employed in this study. The study included 150 trainers, 272 trainees, 4 Deans, and 1 TVET Agency expert. Data were collected using questionnaires, interview, and document analysis. Data obtained through separate questionnaires were analyzed using statistical tools like frequency, percentage, mean, weighted mean and t-test. Moreover, data gathered through interview and document analysis were analyzed in narrative form to complement the quantitative findings. The study found out that inadequate awareness creation, lack of special fund for green jobs, lack of teaching materials, trainers turnover, demotivation of trainers, and low capacity of trainers to adopt and transfer technology. Based on the findings, it was concluded that the Colleges was not strong enough in equipping the trainees with the necessary skills that enhance green jobs. In line with the above findings and conclusion, the colleges should arouse the interest of trainees and trainers by providing incentives at least in the form of recognition certificate for their well practices in green jobs. Moreover, the issue of green job is up to date and global phenomenon. Thus, the Colleges should prepare sound proposals on green jobs and gain financial and expert assistance from national and international nongovernment organizations.