Browsing by Author "Adimasu, Mekonen(MSC,Lecturer)"

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    Survival and predictors of asphyxia among neonates admitted in neonatal intensive care units of public hospitals, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2021.
    (Addis Abeba University, 2021-05) Belege, Fekadeselassie; Dr.Sebsbie, Girum(MSC,PHD,Assistant professor); Adimasu, Mekonen(MSC,Lecturer)
    Background: Perinatal Asphyxia is an injury that occurs during the perinatal period due to lack of oxygen flow to the fetus or infant, which may lead to ischemia of the brain or other organs. Gathering current evidence on recovery time and survival predictors of perinatal asphyxia is crucial to fill scarcity of information. Objective: To assess survival and predictors of asphyxia among neonates admitted in Neonatal Intensive Care Units of public hospitals, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2021. Methods: Hospital-based retrospective cohort study was conducted in four selected public hospitals of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Data were collected from February 15 to 15 March, 2021 by reviewing medical charts of asphyxiated neonates who were registered from January 1, 2016, to December 31, 2020. Epi data version 4.6 was used for data coding, entering and used STATA version 16 statistical software for further analysis. Cox-proportional hazards regression analysis with 95% confidence interval and P-value < 0.05 level of significance was used to verify predictors of survival of Perinatal Asphyxia. Result: In this study, out of 411(94.5%) participants, 305(74.2%) of them survived during the entire cohort. Overall incidence density rate of survival was found to be 10 (95% CI: 0.080.11) per 100 neonate-days of observation with an overall median recovery time of 8 days. Neonates those who have low birth weight (AHR: 0.67, 95% CI: 0.47- 0.96), stage II HIE (AHR: 0.70, 95% CI: 0.51 - 0.97), stage III HIE (AHR: 0.44, 95% CI: 0.27 - 0.71), occurrence of seizure (AHR: 0.61, 95% CI: 0.38 - 0.97), thrombocytopenia (AHR: 0.44, 95% CI: 0.24 - 0.80) and not supplied calcium gluconate within first days of life after birth (AHR: 0.75, 95% CI: 0.58 - 0.99) were independent predictors of time to recovery of asphyxiated neonates. Conclusion: In this study, recovery time was prolonged in any stages of HIE compared to Saranat’s staging of HIE. This implies early prevention, strict monitoring and taking appropriate measures timely is mandatory before babies transferred into highest stage of HIE for satisfactory outcomes and reduce mortality.
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    Time to Death and Predictors among Neonates with Oesophageal Atresia Admitted at Tikur Anbesa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2021.
    (Addis Abeba University, 2021-05) Moges, Natnael; Dr.Sebsbie, Girum (MSC, PHD); Adimasu, Mekonen(MSC,Lecturer)
    Background -Esophageal atresia is a developmental defect of the upper gastrointestinal tract in which the continuity between the upper and lower esophagus is lost. In sub-Saharan Africa esophageal atresia has a higher mortality rate ranging from 30- 80%. In Ethiopia, the mortality of neonates with esophageal atresia is reported as 85.3%. To decrease the mortality rate, assessing time to death and predicors of esophageal atresia is crucial. Objective -The objective of this study was to assess time to death and predictors among neonates with esophageal atresia admitted to Tikur Anbesa Specialized Hospital. Methodology -An institutional-based retrospective follow-up study was conducted among 248 neonates diagnosed with esophageal atresia. Data was collected from February 10 to March 10 /2021 by reviewing medical charts of neonates diagnosed with OA who were registered from March 1/2011- February 30/2021 in TASH. A data extraction format was developed by reviewing different literature. Time to death was estimated by using the Kaplan-Meier failure curve and the time to death between different categorical variables was compared using the logrank test. Bivariate and multivariable cox regression hazards models were fitted to identify the predictors of time to death. Hazard ratio with a 95% confidence interval was calculated and pvalues < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Result Among 225(90.7%) study subjects, 71.1% have died. Birth weight <2500g (AHR=1.49, 95%CI, 1.02 -2.21), sepsis (AHR=1.67,95%CI, 1.15 - 2.44), malnutrition (AHR=1.61, 95%CI, 1.03 - 2.58), time of fistula repair (AHR=3.72, 95%CI, 1.34- 10.38), diagnosis time (AHR=1.48, 95%CI, 1.01- 2.15) and dehydration (AHR=2.38, 95%CI, 1.63 - 3.46) were found to be significant predictors of time to death. The median time to death was 11 days (95%CI, 8.9213.08). Conclusion -In this study, the proportion of death among neonates diagnosed with esophageal atresia is high as compared to other studies. Among the deaths 76.9 % have died within 14 days of admission. Early diagnosis, appropriate management of comorbidities, and timely surgical intervention will be helpful to overcome the high mortality rate.