Browsing by Author "Adefris, Dagnachew"

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    Key Success Factors Influencing The Performance of Road Construction Projects Under Ethiopian Roads Authority: The Case Of Northern Region
    (Addis Ababa University, 2018-06-05) Adefris, Dagnachew; Teklemariam, Dereje (PhD)
    The main objective of this research was to investigate key success factors influencing the performance of road construction projects and determine their relative importance in the northern region of Ethiopia. Many studies attempt to explore key success factors believed to influence project performance. However, this particular area of key success factors remains unclear and there are limitations in investigating on the area. Literature review was deployed to generate set of key success factors. And then a questionnaire survey was, based on 80 identified key success factors, grouped into eight major factor categories, and was conducted to collect data from three groups of respondents: client representatives, contractors and consultants. Out of 25 questionnaires distributed, 19 were returned. Using the mean score, relative importance index, and weighted average method, the top ten key success factors for each category were identified. Spearman’s rank correlation was used to analyze the agreement of survey respondents on those categorized factors. A one –way analysis of variance was then performed to determine whether the mean scores among the various groups of respondents were statistically significant. The survey findings indicate that the most key success factors in each category are as follows: Competence of project participant (time),relationship among project participants(cost),management leadership in promoting high process quality (quality),effective monitoring and feedback (human resource management),ability to meet the client’s deadline (client satisfaction),careful positioning and maintenance of road project site (environment),interrelation between the employee and supervisor (safety) and quality of works to match standards (risk management).An understanding of these key success factors would help all interested parties in the road construction industry to improve project performance. Moreover, the results of this study would help road construction professionals and practitioners take proactive measures for effective project management
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    A Post-colonial Ecocritical Reading of Ecological Violence and Resistance in Selected Anglophone African Novels (2000-2010)
    (2020-06) Adefris, Dagnachew; Mengistu, Melakneh (PhD)
    African post-colonial environment is defined as a system of human-nonhuman interactions where pressing ecological violence has been intensified, rather than abated, since the end of formal colonialism as the continent is at the heart of the relationships with colonialism and its legacies. Likely, African post-colonial environments are also battlefields where resistances are met with unabated struggles to protect and preserve environments of African natives from colonial and post-colonial destructions. This study examines ecological violence and resistance as reflected in Helon Habila‟s Oil on Water, Zakes Mda‟s The Heart of Redness, Kaine Agary‟s Yellow-Yellow and Ngũgĩ wa Thiong‟o‟s Wizard of the Crow. In the analyses and interpretations, attention has been paid to the texts‟ treatment of different forms of ecological violence, resistance strategies used by the writers, interactions of human and the nonhuman in the contexts of those actions and reactions, as well as the writers‟ articulations in bringing attention to the ongoing ecological violence and resistance. In doing so post-colonial ecocriticism approach has been employed to carry out the critical reading, analysis and interpretation of the selected novels for this study. Employing this approach, in Habila‟s Oil on Water, ecocidal activities, petroviolence and environmental injustices on the ecologies of Niger Delta are found depicted as major forms of ecological violence. Mda‟s The Heart of Redness has found depicting ecological imperialism, geographical colonization and flora and fauna genocides as major forms of ecological violence. In Agary‟s Yellow-Yellow, environmental despoliation, pollution, petrocapitalism, and capitalist patriarchy are found as forms of ecological violence in Niger Delta. In Ngũgĩ‟s Wizard of the Crow, deforestation and loss of natural ecologies have been found as major forms of ecological violence. Regarding post-colonial resistance, the selected novels are found ecologically conscious.Habila‟ Oil on Water offers ecological journalism as a reflective agency to voicing for nature as resistance strategy. Similarly in Agary‟s Yellow-Yellow ecoactivism, interconnectedness and ecological feminism are found as important resistance strategies in fighting against ecological destructions in Niger Delta. In The Heart of Redness ecological education and ecofriendly based economic development approach has been found as resistance strategy to the restoration and preservation of the endangered ecology. Ngũgĩ‟s Wizard of the Crow offers perspectives to understand nature through rehabilitation, glorification of nature, and reforestation by equally revealing the anthropocentric limitations. The writers of the respective novels try to articulate the ongoing ecological violence and resistance employing narrative strategies, such as narrative voices, point of view and environmental tropes. The novels are also found showing complex networks of interaction and relation between human and the nonhuman. On the local human side, there is tranquility and strong affliction with natural environment while discordant relations and exploitative kinds of interaction among the locals, the nonnatives and the physical environment.