Browsing by Author "Addissie, Mesfin"

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    Assessment of Contraceptive Logistics Management Information System in Addis Ababa City Administration
    (Addis Abeba University, 2006-06) Mohammed, Hassen; Addissie, Mesfin
    Background: In order to attain contraceptive security in the country which is the guarantee that all people have continuous access to the quality contraceptives they need for family planning requires the presence of efficient contraceptive logistics system. The existence of a successful LMIS produces current information on quantities of contraceptives dispensed to users which enables to accurately estimate requirements for contraceptives – an essential precondition towards achieving contraceptive security. Logistics data are collected, processed, and reported through a logistics management information system (LMIS) which increases the likelihood of an adequate supply of all contraceptives for all clients. Since a contraceptive supply chain cannot function effectively without timely, accurate LMIS data, the LMIS is an essential tool for supply chain managers, clients, and policy makers. A poorly functioning LMIS can either lead to running out of contraceptives or overstock. The former leads to unwanted pregnancies and the latter can lead to wastage of contraceptives, congestion of the stores, and incurs additional cost in inventory control and disposal of the expired contraceptives. Objectives: It is to describe how well the contraceptive logistics management information system functions in the public health sector of Addis Ababa city administration and make recommendations to all parties concerned, concerning what changes should be made, and how, to improve the utilization of LMIS. It will assess and identify the nature and extent of the LMIS problems. Methods: The list of facilities run by the RHB which either distribute to other facilities or provide contraceptives to clients was made first and then stratified to sub cities, hospitals, health centers, clinics and health posts. Sample size was calculated using the formula for cross-sectional studies. Randomly selected facilities from each stratum proportionate to their size- 8 sub-city HDs, 3 hospitals, 21 health centers, 6 clinics and 28 health posts - were investigated through quantitative vi methods using structured questionnaires interviews. The principal person responsible for managing contraceptives was interviewed by well trained interviewers using pretested questionnaires in each facility. The results of the quantitative study were used for the design of the qualitative method – the focus group discussion guide. Results: There exists a well-designed contraceptive logistics system with trained personnel, distributed standard LMIS formats and established inventory control procedures through support for those activities from JSI/DELIVER. Although it was designed to operate in a pull system it was actually found operating predominantly as a push system. Majority of the facilities (56.72%) were stocked out for at least one contraceptive they manage in their facilities and the highest stock out rate was for minipills. Expired contraceptives were found in six of the sub cities and the RHB in big quantities. Only 24 facilities (35.82%) had stock cards or bin cards for at least one contraceptive managed in their facilities. Keeping quality records and reports are very low mainly due to lack of supervision and follow up from higher levels. Availability of separate stores for sub cities, training of personnels managing contraceptives and supportive supervision are among the major recommendations.
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    Evaluation of return rate and return determinants among first time voluntary blood donors in Ethiopian national blood bank service
    (Addis Abeba Universty, 2017-06) Fantahun, Dagmawit; Addissie, Mesfin
    Introduction: -Accessibility of a safe and adequate blood transfusion is a challenge worldwide and even more critical in sub Saharan Africa. 44 % of maternal deaths due to blood loss during child birth, 20% of maternal and 15 % of child death as a result of anemia in Africa region could be managed with a well-timed safe blood transfusion. Though the world health organization (WHO) recommends that blood donation by 2%-3% of the country’s population is needed to meet a nation’s most basic requirement for blood, in Ethiopia less than 0.5 % of the population donates blood and nationally there are only 10,000 regular blood donors. Objective:-The aim of this study was to evaluate the return rate and return determinants among first time voluntary blood donors in Ethiopian national blood bank service (ENBBS). Methods:-To determine first time voluntary blood donors return rate secondary data reviewing was done. To investigate return determinants facility based unmatched case control study design was implemented. The cases were first time voluntary blood donors returned for donation within two years since their index donation whereas controls were those who didn’t return. Pretested questionnaire was used to guide a telephonic interview to collect data from 438 samples that were selected randomly from the Ethiopian national blood bank service (ENBBS) donor record server. Filled data was pre coded and entered in Epidata version 3.1 and was exported to STATA version 14 for cleaning and analysis. Descriptive summary measures were used to describe levels of exposure in cases and controls and to assess the presence of association and their significance level a bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used. Result:-Reviewing 24,684 first time voluntary blood donor’s record the return rate was found to be 37.7% per two years. First time voluntary blood donor return was found more likely to be determined by altruism as a motivational factor for an index donation (AOR=1.96, 95% CI: 1.02- 3.64) , positive perceived donation capability (AOR=7.3, 95% CI: 2.9 -15.04), Being aware of previously donated blood volume (AOR=4.8, 95% CI: 2.18 - 8.98). Conclusion:-Return rate of first time voluntary blood donors in ENBBS was low and return for subsequent donation was found more likely to be determined by donor's altruistic behavior, positive perceived capability and awareness on blood donation process. Therefore working on VII donor’s awareness on the donation process and promoting encouraging message on building up altruistic motivation could enhance the return of first time voluntary blood donors.
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    Historical and Social Aspects of Leprosy in Ethiopia
    (Addis Abeba Universty, 1992-03) Addissie, Mesfin; Carlson, Dennis (PhD)
    A qualitative study based on individual interview was carried out in Tekle Haimanot and adjacent Awrajas and at the All African Leprosy Rehabilitation and Training Centre (ALERT). A total of 54 respondents were interviewed out of whom 20 were leprosy patients and the rest were religious leaders, high school students, high school teachers, general health workers at Tekle Haimanot Health Centre, health workers at ALERT and non leprosy patients. In this study the patterns and trends of leprosy stigmata were reviewed. Through the in-depth interviews it was observed that the negative reactions to leprosy were very prevalent, including among tlle leprosy patients, and had a serious impact on the control of leprosy. Though not conclusive, it was found out that there were very strong, high similarities in the patterns and trends of social responses regarding leprosy over the last 35 years. Leprosy was perceived as a unique, chronic, non-fatal but progressively deforming disease with doubtful curability and especially a disease which could cause a disgrace to the victims and their families. The findings of this study strongly showed the importance of addressing the psychological and social issues of leprosy patients and the general perceptions of the society regarding leprosy before i mplementing or initiating integration of leprosy control program into the general health service. In-service training to health work ers, health education about current knowledge of leprosy to the patients and studies on knowledge, attitude and behaviour of leprosy patients and the public are recommended.