Browsing by Author "Addis Habtamu"

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    Magnitude and Predictors of Death among Neonates with Congenital Anomalies at Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of a Tertiary Referral Hospital in Addis Ababa.
    (Addis Ababa University, 2026-05-19) Addis Habtamu; Hanna Gebre
    Background: Congenital anomalies are a major reason newborns die, especially in poorer countries. Ethiopia is seeing more of these cases, but hospitals here still lack solid data on which affected babies are most likely to die. Objective: To assess the magnitude and maternal and neonatal factors associated with neonatal death among neonates with congenital anomalies admitted to a tertiary hospital. Methods: An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among neonates diagnosed with congenital anomalies and admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Data were extracted from medical records of patients using a structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize maternal and neonatal characteristics. Binary logistic regression was performed to identify factors associated with neonatal death. Crude odds ratios (COR) and adjusted odds ratios (AOR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were computed. Variables with P<0.05 in the multivariable analysis were considered statistically significant. Results: Several maternal and neonatal factors achieved significant associations with neonatal death in crude analysis, including prematurity, low five-minute APGAR score, single congenital anomaly, absence of referral delay, fewer medical interventions, and prolonged nothing per os (NPO) status. After multivariable adjustment, prolonged NPO status for more than 24 hours (AOR = 0.32, 95% CI: 0.12–0.87) compared to being NPO for less than 24 hours, shorter length of hospital stay of <1 day (AOR = 17, 95% CI: 3.37–86.2), 1–16 days ( AOR = 4.6, 95% CI: 1.79–11.8) more than 16 days, maternal age of 18-34 years (AOR = 0.39, 95% CI:0.17-0.88), compared to maternal age greater than 34 years, and primary education status (AOR =4.09,95% CI:1.52-10.97) compared to educational level of college and above were independently associated with neonatal mortality. Neonates hospitalized for longer than 176 days had an improved survival. Conclusion: Babies who went without oral feeding for over a day, those who died very early in their hospital stay, and those whose mothers were under 34 or had little education — these were the groups with the highest death risk.