Browsing by Author "Abera, Genet"

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    The Impacts of Trade Liberalization on Agricultural Export Performance in Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2008-06) Abera, Genet; Kassie, Menale (PhD)
    Developing countries have experienced extensive and rapid trade liberalization in recent years which undertaken both in the context of multilateral trade negotiations and as part of the conditionality linked to the structural adjustment and stabilization programs agreed with the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank (WB). The impact of Trade Liberalization/Economic reforms on export performance is controversial even if it is widely adopted in developing countries. The aim of this paper is to analyze the impact of economic reform policies on the agricultural export performance of Ethiopia; especially, diversification, competitiveness and openness for the period 1974 to 2004. The main question addressed here is whether the reforms made has a positive impact on the export performance of the country; and to analyze the relative importance of domestic supply related factors such as diversification, competitiveness and openness as compared with external demand conditions in determining agricultural export performance of the country. The performance of the sector is analyzed using these four indicator time series variables to capture the effects of both international market potential and domestic supply side policy reforms. The data are analyzed using Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) and Error Correction Model (ECM) frameworks to examine the impact of trade policy on the agricultural export expansion of the country both in the short run and in the long run. The main findings of the analysis are agricultural export performance is more sensitive to the domestic supply side policy reforms like diversification and openness. Among them diversification is an important factor that explains export performance both in the short run and in the long run, indicating that the country should continue to diversify her exports.
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    The Impacts of Trade Liberalization on Agricultural Export Performance of Ethiopia
    (2008-06) Abera, Genet; . Kassie, Menale (Dr)
    Developing countries have experienced extensive and rapid trade liberalization in recent years which undertaken both in the context of multilateral trade negotiations and as part of the conditionality linked to the structural adjustment and stabilization programs agreed with the international monetary fund (IMF) and the world bank (WB). The impact of trade liberalization economic reforms on export performance is controversial even if it is widely adopted in developing countries. the aim of this paper is to analyze the impact of economic reform policies on the agricultural export performance of Ethiopia; especially, diversification, competitiveness and openness for the period 1974 to 2004. the main question addressed here is whether the reforms made has a positive impact on the export performance of the country; and to analyze the relative importance of domestic supply related factors such as diversification, competitiveness and openness as compared with external demand conditions in determining agricultural export performance of the country. The performance of the sector is analyzed using these four indicator time series variables to capture the effects of both international market potential and domestic supply side policy reforms. the data are analyzed usmg ordinary least squares (OLS) and error Correction Model (ECM) frameworks to examine the impact of trade policy on the agricultural export expansion of the country both in the short run and in the long run. The main findings of the analysis are agricultural export performance is more sensitive to the domestic supply side policy reforms like diversification and openness. Among them diversification is an important factor that explains export performance both in the short run and in the long run, indicating that the country should continue to diversify her exports.
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    Urban Tourism and Its Development: Bishoftu Town Residents’ Perspective
    (Addis Ababa University, 2018-06) Abera, Genet; Assefa, Engedawork (PhD)
    The main purpose of this study was to explore the perception of Bishoftu town residents' on the impacts of urban tourism and its development. Both qualitative and quantitative research methods were employed to achieve the objective of the study. In order to make the perception of residents' more representative; random sampling procedure was used for selection of respondents from the residents. To check the validity and reliability of questionnaire, a pilot test using 20 respondents was also conducted and the result of Cronbach Alpha coefficient 0.806 higher than 0.7, which showed that research tool, was reliable. The questionnaire survey was employed on a sample size of 400 residents. However, 394 questionnaires were returned with important information. In addition, the unstructured questionnaire and interview were also used to collect other relevant data and to argument the survey. Descriptive and inferential statistics such as frequency, percentage, factor analysis, multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and correspondence analysis were used to analyze data. The result of factor analysis showed that three factors named as economic impacts, socio-cultural impacts and environmental impacts were explained 53.24% of variation in the perceptions of residents. The study also showed that majority of local communities agreed on positive perception to economic, environmental and socio-cultural impacts of urban tourism. However, most of the local residents and stakeholders were unaware of negative impact of urban tourism. MANOVA analysis indicated that, there was no significant difference between the mean of underlying dimensions of the perceived economic, environmental and socio-cultural impacts of urban tourism, and socio-demographic characteristics, whereas there was a significant difference between mean underlying dimensions and residents tourism attachment. In addition, the correspondence analysis result revealed that, most of the respondents who had positive perception on the overall impacts of tourism development were supporters of tourism development in Bishoftu town. Hence, development of tourism significantly contributes to town development. The concerned bodies and officials should take the issues into account while planning and device various measures such as giving training for tourism stake holders to create awareness on the overall negative impacts of urban tourism. Keywords: urban tourism, residents’ perception, tourism impacts, town development, Bishoftu town, Oromia, Ethiopia