Browsing by Author "Abebe, Girma"

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    Determinants of Graduation from Productive Safety Net Program: the Case of Menz Gera Midir Wereda.
    (Addis Ababa University, 2019-06) Abebe, Girma; Gudeta (PhD), Kumela
    Safety net, in Gera Midir Wereda is not a mere program; it is one aspect of life. Being number one food insecure woreda in North Shoa Zone and probably Amhara Region, Gera Midir Wereda virtually lives on Safety Net Program. It has the highest number of Beneficiaries in all the zone. It has also the highest graduates though not as high as expected given the number of beneficiaries. This paper aims at examining determinants of graduation in the study area, exploring if it is sustainable and has supportive institutional set up. Both quantitative and qualitative methods of research were employed. And cross sectional data was collected using a household survey questionnaires. Key informants both in the woreda and kebelles were interviewed. The data thus collected was presented and analyzed using descriptive statistics and econometrics model, in case of the quantitative data and Narrative method in case of the qualitative data. The major findings showed that determinants for graduation from PSNP were age of the household head, educational level of the household head, total size of cultivated land, amount of loan received, access to Household Asset Building Program, access to training and total household size at varying degree of significance. Other variables like access to irrigation, sex of the household head, use of fertilizer, use of improved seed, shocks and land fragmentation did not show significant influence on graduation. From the qualitative data we found out that low level of expenditure on public works like irrigation, natural resource management, high dependency and risk averse behavior prevented the safety net program from evolving to productive level, causing it to remain unsustainable. The institutional set up was found conductive of the program implementation. To improve the program, implementers should focus on increased expenditure on public capital like irrigation and forests, creation of market links, changing attitude by trainings as well as skill and confidence building trainings that enable households to use more credit and more irrigation. These in turn enables them to change their life and move off the productive safety net program.
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    Determinants of Institutional Delivery service utilization among women who gave birth in the last two years prior to the study in Amibara district of Afar region, Ethiopia: A case-control study
    (Addis Ababa Universty, 2017-09) Abebe, Girma; Seme, Assefa (Associate Professor, MD, MPH)
    Background: The key to reducing maternal mortality and improving maternal health is increasing attendance by skilled health personnel throughout pregnancy and delivery. Objective: the study was aimed to examine determinants of institutional delivery service utilization among women who gave birth in the last two years prior to the study in Amibara woreda of Afar region, Ethiopia. Methods: A community based case-control study was undertaken among women who gave birth in the last two years preceding the study in Amibara woreda of Afar region. Multi stage sampling technique was used to select 525 participants 175 cases and 350 controls. A pretested and structured questionnaire was used to collect data. Data entered and cleaned using Epi Data and exported to SPSS version 22 for analysis. Crude and adjusted odds ratios together with their 95% confidence intervals were calculated to examine the association between independent and outcome variables. Logistic regression analysis was done to determine independent predictors of institutional delivery service utilization. Results: Women who had given births in the last two years prior to the study were included into the study. Five hundred and twenty five study samples were estimated and all of them were participating in the study, resulted in response rate of 100%. Only two factors, presence of preventing factors for facility based delivery (AOR= 0.24; 95%CI=0.066, 0.85; P-value= 0.027) and number of ANC visit (AOR= 5.7; 95%CI= 1.8, 18.2; P-value= 0.03) were found significantly associated with Institutional delivery. Conclusion and recommendation: The higher the number of times a woman makes ANC visit during pregnancy, the more likely it would be that she will come for facility based deliveries. The region health bureau and the district health department should partner to keep improving the coverage of ANC.
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    A Framework for Human Factors Influence on Information Systems Security at Commercial Banks in Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2020-06-06) Abebe, Girma; Lessa, Lemma (PhD)
    The importance of protecting information in banks and mitigating security breach is becoming more important than ever. Human factors represent essential issue in information systems security in organizations, since human factors determine the behavior of employees toward information systems security. This thesis researched information systems security countermeasures that are used to reduce internal threat and how employees perceive them and create a human factors model to address human factor gaps in information systems security in commercial banks in Ethiopia. A case study research design was used, since case study research design helps to understand a situation in great depth. Purposive sampling was used by this thesis, since it is recommended for qualitative case researches. The samples were selected based on eligibility criteria that the respondents should have experience and expertise in information systems security and the banking activities. The sample consists of information systems security manager, branch manager, information systems auditor, audit division manager, information systems support officer and front users. For this research both structured and unstructured interviews were used. For data analysis thematic analysis and pattern matching techniques were used. The findings were used to create comprehensive model which can assist in information systems security to secure information. The study investigated the impact of employees behaviour with regard to information systems security. The findings prove that users engaged into risky actions that could make the bank system subject to attack. Employees’ behaviour has been shown in relation to technology interaction, perception and information systems security training. Employees behaviour on human factor in information systems security can be improved by supplying information security training. Information systems security oriented training can address human factor problems in banks by increasing theoretical and practical knowledge of the users. Since information systems has the human element as a fundamental component, information systems security process should include the users.
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    The Impact of Information and Communication Technology on Performance of Commercial Banks in Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2016-06) Abebe, Girma; Abate, Sewale (PhD)
    Information and communication technology has become the heInformation and communication technology has become the heart of banking industry, while the banking industry is the heart of the economy. This research has considered a critical literature review of previous researchers with the objective to examine the impact of Information and Communication Technology on banks performance. Business organizations, especially the banking industry is operating in a complex and competitive environment characterized by the changing conditions and highly unpredictable economic climate with Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is at the center of the change curve. This study assessed the impact of ICT on the performance of Ethiopian banking industry using secondary data over the period 2010 – 2014 published annual reports by the banks. Data analysis is carried out in panel environment. The study employed purposive sampling technique to select the required sample of banks from commercial banks in Ethiopia. The results were affirmed by cointegration regression analysis. Six banks, out of the 18 commercial banks as of June 2014, were selected for the study. The dependent variable used in this study in order to measure the sample commercial banks performance is ROA whereas the explanatory variables are ICT investment, ATM, POS, INF, BRAN and GDP. The study empirically analyzed the impact of information and communication technology in commercial banks performance in Ethiopia by constructing an econometric model to study the effect of various factors such as ICT investment, ATM, POS, INF, BRAN and GDP. Accordingly, the impacts of ICT on return on asset in commercial banks in Ethiopia were analyzed using the OLS technique. The regression result showed that the ICT, ATM and POS have no statistically significant effect on return on asset on commercial banks in Ethiopia. Based on the research findings and conclusions the researcher recommended for commercial banks in Ethiopia to improve return on asset, the banks should improve more on its information and communication technology so as to enhance their performance, enlightenment has to be given to the general public through the various media on how to use some of the information technology, ATM and POS. Finally, banks should put more effort in advertising these products in Ethiopia. Key words: Bank’s Performance, Banking Industry, ICT and Return on Asset.art of banking industry, while the banking industry is the heart of the economy. This research has considered a critical literature review of previous researchers with the objective to examine the impact of Information and Communication Technology on banks performance. Business organizations, especially the banking industry is operating in a complex and competitive environment characterized by the changing conditions and highly unpredictable economic climate with Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is at the center of the change curve. This study assessed the impact of ICT on the performance of Ethiopian banking industry using secondary data over the period 2010 – 2014 published annual reports by the banks. Data analysis is carried out in panel environment. The study employed purposive sampling technique to select the required sample of banks from commercial banks in Ethiopia. The results were affirmed by cointegration regression analysis. Six banks, out of the 18 commercial banks as of June 2014, were selected for the study. The dependent variable used in this study in order to measure the sample commercial banks performance is ROA whereas the explanatory variables are ICT investment, ATM, POS, INF, BRAN and GDP. The study empirically analyzed the impact of information and communication technology in commercial banks performance in Ethiopia by constructing an econometric model to study the effect of various factors such as ICT investment, ATM, POS, INF, BRAN and GDP. Accordingly, the impacts of ICT on return on asset in commercial banks in Ethiopia were analyzed using the OLS technique. The regression result showed that the ICT, ATM and POS have no statistically significant effect on return on asset on commercial banks in Ethiopia. Based on the research findings and conclusions the researcher recommended for commercial banks in Ethiopia to improve return on asset, the banks should improve more on its information and communication technology so as to enhance their performance, enlightenment has to be given to the general public through the various media on how to use some of the information technology, ATM and POS. Finally, banks should put more effort in advertising these products in Ethiopia. Key words: Bank’s Performance, Banking Industry, ICT and Return on Asset