Browsing by Author "Abate, Yonas"

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    Health Facility - Household Nexus for Palliative Care among Adult Cancer Patients in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
    (Addis Abeba University, 2020-12) Abate, Yonas; Dr.Kaba, Mirgissa (MPH, PhD); Solomon, Kalkidan (MPH)
    Background: Based on a world health organization report in 2020, over 56 million people are estimated requiring palliative care every year and of which 76% are from Low and Middle-income countries; where a majority of 67.1% are adults; of those, 69% of palliative care need is associated with non-communicable diseases, and only 14% of people who needs palliative care are currently receive it; mainly cancer accounts for 34% out of the non-communicable diseases in need of palliative care. The critical point in palliative care services is to ensure the continuum of care and address patient needs as they pass through the referral pathways between the community and facility-based palliative care services. Objective: To explore the nexus of health facility and household palliative care for adult cancer patients in Addis Ababa Ethiopia. Method: Qualitative study was conducted in Addis Ababa from August 01- September 30, 2020. The investigator conducted an in-depth and key informant interviews through an open ended interview guide. Data were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and finally imported to Open code version 4.02 software for coding and analyzing. Tanahashi framework was adopted to classify and organize data according to the key themes, concepts, and emerging categories. Results: Twenty-five respondents participated in this study. The continuum of palliative care was described as the relation between hospitals and home-based palliative care whereas nongovernmental support the community and health facilities by hosting training; volunteers contributes a lot to the continuum of palliative care starts at household level respondents stated that volunteers, family members, hospital care providers, and neighbors are used as a connective plug for the continuum of palliative care. Conclusion: The continuum of palliative care mainly depends on volunteers, non-governmental organizations based in Addis Ababa which includes hospitals in the loop of continuity. However, volunteers link cancer patients from the community to home-based palliative care. Mainly shortage of pain relief medications, turnover of staff, shortage of educated personnel, was mentioned as a barrier to the continuum of palliative care whereas availability of national palliative care policy, working palliative team/group, and commitment were facilitators.
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    Synthesis and Production of Lactic Acid (La) from False Banana/Bula Using Lactobacillus Plantarium
    (Addis Ababa University, 2016-06) Abate, Yonas; Tekola, Beteley (PhD)
    The production of lactic acid from was optimized by central composite design, using bulla starch as carbon sources and MRS as yeast extract, meat extract, peptone and glucose source using Lactobacillus Plantarium. The fermentation were performed in 250 mL Erlenmeyer flasks containing 100 mL of MRS medium, maintained at 200 rpm, 40 g/l of starch (carbon source) , at temperature range from 30 °C to 40° C , pH 5 to 7 and time between 48 hours to 72 hours. The first two (agitation speed 200 rpm and carbon source 40 g/l) were set as constant. After data was analyzed by response surface method, it was revealed that Lactic acid production was significantly affected by temperature, time and pH of the samples. At central point of all factors: temperature 35 °C, time 60 hours and pH 6.25 maximal production of lactic acid was 17.09 g/L.