Browsing by Author "Meron Tesfaye"

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    Knowledge about Transfusion safety practices and associated factors amongst nurses at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa Universtity, 2025) Natnael Nebro; Meron Tesfaye; Sophia Kebede
    Blood transfusion is a lifesaving therapy included on the World Health Organization list of essential medications. It is well established that nurses are leading actors of the clinical service in managing patients with blood transfusion requirement and safe transfusion practices are essential in reducing transfusion related reactions. Objective: To assess the knowledge about Transfusion safety practices and identify associated factors amongst nurses at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia Methodology: A facility-based, cross-sectional study conducted at Tikur Anbessa specialized Hospital. Data collected from 189 nurses by using a Pretested and structured self-administered questionnaire via web link after being prepared by kobotools.org. Data was entered and analyzed using SPSS version 26. Descriptive analysis is used to produce frequencies, mean and standard deviations for statistical analysis. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were employed to determine factors associated with knowledge of blood transfusion p-value <0.25 is considered significant. Tables and figures are used to present the results. Result: One hundred and eighty nine nurses completed the study, with 90% response rate. The Overall knowledge scores of nurses was low with a mean knowledge score of 52.4, range of 17.8- 78.5.Data analysis revealed poor knowledge regarding basic blood transfusion safety principles. There were statistically significant relationships between nurse’s knowledge, level of education and sex of respondents but no significant association with age, year of experience, number of transfusions and specific department. Conclusion and Recommendation: This study has shown knowledge deficits whichhave potential implication on patient safety and reduce effective delivery of safe blood transfusion. This places patients to serious risks which can be prevented and ends with patients receiving incorrect transfusions and acquiring bacterial infections. We recommend more research to improve the studies limitations and the ongoing need on the training of the nursing staff on transfusion safety practices.
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    The Right to Conscientious Objection under Ethiopian Law
    (Addis Ababa University, 2011-06) Meron Tesfaye; Mizanie Abate
    Conscientious objection is the refusal to participate in armed services based upon opposition to armed conflict This opposition may rest upon reasons of religious belief, philosophy, morality or political ideology, Historically, many conscientious objectors have been executed, imprisoned or otherwise penalized when their beliefs leads to actions conflicting with their society's legal system or government Nowadays, however, the right to conscientious objection to military service is can be inferred fi-om a number of international human rights instruments, It is considered as an extension of the right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion which is recognized under article 18 of Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) and International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR), This right has got also an implied recognition under the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia (FDRE) Constitution. The problem is that however the Constitution as well as subordinate legislations does not address plenty of issues arising in connection with the right to conscientious objection. They do not provide the grounds of exemption from military service, the scope of objection, the type and the duration of alternative service and the organ that entertain conscientious objection application. They are not clear also weather enlisted and professional soldiers have the right to claim the right to conscientious objection.