Dermatovenorology

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Browsing Dermatovenorology by Author "Annisa Befekadu"

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    Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice towards Melanoma among General Practitioners in Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2025-11-16) Dawit Ali; Tizita Yosef; Annisa Befekadu
    Background: Melanoma is a highly malignant and aggressive skin cancer that occurs due to melanocytes. For 5 years (until 2022) in Ethiopia there were 255 cases and 117 deaths. The early diagnosis provides high chances of survival. Although healthcare professionals play an essential role in melanoma diagnosis, knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) have some significant gaps such as a lack of confidence in diagnostic instruments and insufficient training. Nevertheless, there is no extensive research on knowledge, attitudes, as well as practices of healthcare professionals particularly in low resource communities such as Ethiopia. Objective: This paper among Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice towards Melanoma among General Practitioners in Ethiopia, 2025. Methods: A cross-sectional study was done at the hospitals (N=233 selected General practitioners of July 2025 to October 2025 GC). A structured questionnaire based on various literature was used to measure Knowledge, Attitude and practice of GP. Thereafter SPSS version 27 software package was used to analyze the data. The descriptive summary statistics was calculated, the findings were illustrated with the help of texts, tables, and charts. Result: Among the 237 GPs 233 of them responded, most were male (160, 68.7%) with a mean age of 29.51 ± 3 years. 187 (80.3%), had less than five years of work experience and 208 (89.3%) reported that they had not received any training related to performing a total body skin examination. While 154 (66.1%) demonstrated moderate knowledge of melanoma and 222 (95.3%) had a favorable attitude toward its diagnosis and treatment, 134 (57.5%) exhibited poor practice. There is positive correlation between years of professional experience and knowledge in our study. Male participants demonstrated significantly higher practice scores. Conclusion: This research found a significant gap in the positive attitudes and inadequacy of practical skills in caring of melanoma among general practitioners in Ethiopia. Whereas there was an average level of knowledge and a positive attitude was observed, more than half had poor clinical practice, which indicates a desperate need to increase training, especially on skin examination skills in order to achieve early detection and better patient outcomes.
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    Clinical outcome, Morphologic Index and Associated Factors in Multibacillary Leprosy Patients
    (Addis Ababa Universtity, 2025) Hanna Bekele; Annisa Befekadu
    Although Ethiopia has substantially reduced its leprosy burden, new cases persist, and management challenges, such as poor patient adherence, limited education, and inadequate healthcare training, continue to impact treatment outcomes. However, clinical outcomes and morphologic indices in multibacillary leprosy patients upon multidrug therapy completion remain undocumented in the Ethiopian context. Objective: To assess clinical outcome morphological indices and associated factors in multibacillary leprosy patients at completion of multidrug therapy (MDT) at ALERT Hospital, in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Methods: The study was a facility based cross-sectional study conducted in ALERT Hospital. All patients diagnosed with multibacillary leprosy and given the advised MDT in ALERT Hospital between November 1, 2020, and November 30, 2025, were followed up. The data were analyzed and inputted in SPSS version 26. The demographic and clinical characteristics were summarized by descriptive analysis. BI/MI change was tested using Wilcoxon signed-rank, bivariate (p[?]0.25) and multivariate logistic regression determined the outcome poor predictors. The outcome of the development of new and progressive lesions, active lesions or a continuance of active lesions, the BI persistence and a severe reaction after 12 months of MDT are considered poor outcome. The p-value of less than 0.05 was counted as significant. Results were presented using texts, tables and figures. Results: In total, 107 MB leprosy patients were included. The median (IQR) age was 30 (25–36) years. Young adults (25–44 years: 67.2%) and males (65.4%, n=70) predominated. One third 33.6% had poor clinical outcomes and three-fourths, 83.2%, had persistent MI at the end of MDT. BI (z = -7.85, p < 0.001) and MI (z = 7.01, p < 0.001) were significantly reduced at end of MDT. End MDT- MI (1–10%) in 86.0%. High BI at diagnosis [AOR=11.7 (95% CI 1.44- 93.66)] and High MI at diagnosis [AOR = 5.13(95% CI: 1.94-13.57), p=0.001] were independently associated with poor clinical outcome. High BI at diagnosis was associated persistent MI at end of MDT [AOR=12 (95% CI: 3.53–42.28), p=0.001]. Conclusions: One third of the patients had poor clinical outcome, and more than three fourths had persistent MI at the end of Fixed 12-month MDT. We found discordance between achieved dermatological cure and suboptimal bacteriological clearance in the high-BI Ethiopian cohort. Post-MDT smear monitoring is recommended for lepromatous cases.