Pharmacy Practice

Permanent URI for this collection

http://etd.aau.edu.et/handle/123456789/202

Browse

Browsing Pharmacy Practice by Author "Ayalneh, Belete (MSc)"

Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Assessment of Prevalence, Management and Outcome of Acute Poisoning at St. Paul‘s Hospital Millennium Medical College and Addis Ababa Burn, Emergency and Trauma Hospital
    (Addis Ababa Universty, 2018-01) Melese, Elias; Ayalneh, Belete (MSc)
    Assessment of Prevalence, Management and Outcome of Acute Poisoning at Saint Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College and Addis Ababa Burn, Emergency and Trauma Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethopia Elias Melese Addis Ababa University, 2018 Acute poisoning is an injury in which the toxic effects occur immediately, usually within hours from time of exposure. It is a common reason for emergency department visit and hospitalization. There is sparse data on acute poisonings in Ethiopia, although case fatality rate is reported to range from 2.4% to 8.6%. The aim of this study was therefore to determine the prevalence, management and outcome of acute poisoning among acutely poisoned patients admitted to the emergency rooms of SPHMMC and AaBET hospital. The study was cross sectional study conducted between August 2015 to August 2016, involving extraction of data from patient charts and registries. The one year prevalence of acute poisoning in the two hospitals was 2.5% per total emergency visits and 6.2% per emergency admissions. The highest prevalence of poisoning cases was in the age group of 15-29 years (51.9%) and majority (54.5%) of them were females. Most (88.5 %) of the cases were intentional self-harm. Quarrel with family was the highest reason (25.8%) for intentional poisoning. About 64% of the cases were from rural areas and March- May (Tseday) was the most common months for acute poisioning (36.2%). Organophosphates (38.8%) were the leading causes of poisoning followed by bleaching agents (12.7%) and rodenticides (11.1%). Atropine was used as antidote for (25.8%) poisioined patient. Even though, most (68.9%) of the acutely poisoned patients survived without disability, the case fatality rate was found to be (8.4%). Out of the total deaths reported, organophosphate poisoning was the most common followed by herbicides and rodenticides. The prevalence and case fatality rate of acute poisoning in the two hospitals were found to be high Hence, controlling open market sales of agrochemicals, creating awareness on proper handling of chemicals and prescribed drugs, assesing the referal linkage of hospitals, improving availability of antidotes, proper record keeping and documentation practices, are recommended.