Urban Design

Permanent URI for this collection

http://etd.aau.edu.et/handle/123456789/106

Browse

Browsing Urban Design by Author "Alemayehu Yonas"

Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Income Generation and Jobcreation in Public Housing LaseStudy of Selected Condominium Sitesin Addis Ababa
    (Addis Ababauniversity, 2014-03) Mestie Wondwossen; Alemayehu Yonas
    The economic effect of housing had been debatable in the past. However, recent global experiences showed that housing has significant impact on urban economy. It creates jobs for unskilled labor during construction and stimulates income generating activities for the urban poor. The Integrated Housing Development Program (IHDP) is a public urban housing scheme designed to use housing as instrument for poverty alleviation and job creation in Ethiopia. However IHDP, commonly called “condominium housing program”, is criticized for focusing only on the physical improvement of housing than wider socioeconomic aspects of the beneficiaries. On contrary, IHDP is praised for its success on job creation through Micro and Small-scale Enterprises (MSEs). This study investigates income generating activities and assesses job creation in IHDP projects in Addis Ababa. It is designed as two fold and dictated by these two key ideas: income generation and job creation. For the first thesis regarding income generation, case study research method is adopted and four different cases are selected. For the second thesis, i.e job creation, both desk review and case study was adopted as a research strategy. The desk review and evidences from this case are cross referenced for conclusion. Both quantitative and qualitative methods are employed in the study. Analysis of quantitative data was conducted using SPSS: a statistical software design for analysis. Based on the empirical evidence from the case study the following findings are revealed. Two types of income generating activities are observed in condominiums. These are communal income generating activities operated by community based associations and home-based economic activities operated by individuals. The frequency of homebased economic activities operated by individuals varies substantially. Renting is the most frequent income generating activities which outnumbered the remaining home-based enterprises. Particularly, in inner-city condominiums sites most units are occupied by tenants. Vending is the second most frequent income generating activity. The finding indicates that HBEs are common in studied sites in the outskirts of the city. During field survey 26 home-based enterprises are found in Repi I and Repi II condominium sites. On contrast HBEs are not common in inner-city sites. Most businesses are operated by women engaged in small businesses which are the replications of domestic activities. HBEs have vital impact on the livelihood of operators especially for women and unemployed. No considerable negative impact of HBEs is observed. Most HBEs are located in the ground while some located in higher floors. In terms of spatial usage, Kitchen is the most interchangeably used space for income generating activity. The evidences from Lideta Redevelopment Project and desk review indicate that significant jobs are created through MSEs. Even though MSEs are involved in small sub-contractual works and construction material production, they have substantial contribution in creating casual jobs. MSE created sustainable job rather than safety nets
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Planning and Design Processes and Organizational structures in Mass Housing: The Case of Addis Ababa Integrated Housing Development Program
    (Addis Ababauniversity, 2016-06) Abate Redeat; Alemayehu Yonas
    In the urbanized part of Ethiopia, the need for housing had always been eminent and Addis Ababa city, being the capital, has seen its fair share. In the past decade, the introduction of the Integrated Housing Development Program (IHDP) had presented Addis Ababa with providing housing opportunities for the mass population while fulfilling other objectives related to housing. Approximately 276,000 houses were built and jobs were created but the housing demand still remained. This accounted to many factors, one of which was the fact that much of the project was not completed in its designated time. The driving force for the research lies on the need for understanding about the IHDP, to find data related to how mass housing projects are produced and who the actors were that were involved in the planning and design process. The research has taken a case-study method for a better description and explanatory take on planning and design processes and organizational structures in the Addis Ababa IHDP. The research found several critical points regarding both design/planning process and organizational structures. From the organizational structure perspective, the research found that AAHDPO (which had to change its structure from product divisional to geographic divisional to the current matrix structure) is the constant actor that remained through different phases in the making of AAIHDP whereas other governmental, non- governmental and private actors participated in within different timelines with AAHDPO. There were cases of duplication of effort in organizations where there shouldn‘t occur and a lack of a proper monitoring mechanism (actor) for projects in AAIHDP. There is also no room given for the local community in the planning and design process. From the process standpoint, there have been issues with sequence in the LDP, NHD and typology preparation where typology precedes the first two. Consecutively, LDP & NHD preparation were given a time of 1 month whereas typology designs were given 60 days showing that the designs that needed more time to develop are given half the amount of time. The research finally puts forward recommendations for both design/ planning process and organizational structures. Recommendations such as less duplication of effort, participation of the local community in the design and planning process, a statement of a clear housing policy, a clear flow of design and planning process shall be considered. Key words: Design and Planning Process, Organizational Structure, Mass Housing, Integrated Housing Development Program