Endale AnberberTesfaye Aga2026-06-222026-06-222025-07-01https://etd.aau.edu.et/handle/123456789/8336Introduction: Hypothyroidism is one the most frequently encountered complications following thyroidectomy. Thyroidectomy results in deranged function of the thyroid gland, which corresponds to the extent of resection. The riskof hypothyroidism after thyroid surgery varies in different studies. Hemithyroidectomy and subtotal thyroidectomy are associated with up to 10 to 50% and 50-84% of hypothyroidism respectively. Factors like, old age, type of surgery,pathologic diagnosis, lymphocytic infiltration, elevated preoperative TSH level, use of levothyroxine before surgery and preoperative detectable anti-TPO antibody are associated with the increased incidence of hypothyroidism. This study, which is the first of its kind in our country, aims to assess the incidence and predictors of hypothyroidism following thyroid surgery Objectives: To assess the incidence of hypothyroidism after thyroidectomy and predictors for the development of hypothyroidism. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on patients who underwent hemi-thyroidectomy or STT for various thyroid pathologies at LancetGeneral Hospital and Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital from January 1, 2021 toDecember 31, 2024. Source of data was the patient's medical record. The studyvariables required filled on a structured data collection tool which was then enteredinto SPSS software and interpreted. Ethical approval was obtained from the research committee (IRB)of Addis Ababa University, College of health sciences, School ofmedicine. Result: A total of 102 patients in the age range of 18-70 years were studied. 78females (76%) and 24 males (24%) with median age of 43 years were included.Median age of females is 43 years and median age of males is 46 years. Six weeks post-surgery, hypothyroidism was diagnosed in 24.6% of patients with hemi thyroidectomy and in 38% of patients with subtotal thyroidectomy. in those patients who had follow up at 6-month months post-surgery, hypothyroidism was diagnosed in 23% of patients with hemi-thyroidectomy and in 29% of patients with subtotal thyroidectomy. Conclusion: There is high prevalence of hypothyroidism in post-thyroidectomypatients in our center which is more or less comparable to studies in the rest of the world. In this study, the overall incidence of hypothyroidism after non-total thyroidectomy is 29%and26%at6weeksand6monthspost-surgery,respectively.enHemithyroidectomy Hypothyroidism Sub-total thyroidectomyPost-surgeryThesis